Apolipoprotein E polymorphism is associated with both carotid and coronary atherosclerosis in patients with coronary artery disease
Abstract
Background and aims Apolipoprotein E (apoE) polymorphism plays a significant role in the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the association between apoE polymorphism and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), and severity and extent of coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods and results B-mode ultrasound and quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) were used to assess carotid, and coronary artery atherosclerosis in 91 patients with clinically suspected CAD referred for cardiac catheterization. Two apoE phenotype groups were defined: apoE3 (E3/E3) and apoE4 (including E4/E3, E4/E4 phenotypes). Maximum IMT was higher in the apoE4 group than in the apoE3 group (p=0.022). The global atheroma burden index was similarly higher in the apoE4 group than in the apoE3 group (p=0.033). ApoE4 subjects had higher levels of apolipoprotein B (apoB) (p=0.008), triglycerides (p=0.006), remnant lipoprotein-cholesterol (RLP-C) (p=0.023), and lipoprotein(a) [(Lp(a)] (p=0.041) than apoE3 subjects. The mean LDL particle size was smaller in the apoE4 group than in the apoE3 group (p=0.041). Conclusions ApoE polymorphism was associated with both carotid and coronary atherosclerosis. Patients with the apoE4 isoform had an increased carotid IMT and a more severe and extensive CAD than patients with the apoE3 isoform.
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Increased levels of atherosclerosis associated with apoE4 could have detrimental effects on brain function through decreased blood flow and altered metabolic properties.
“As a result, increased levels of atherosclerosis associated with apoE4 (Elosua et al., 2004; Graner et al., 2008) could have detrimental effects on brain function through decreased blood flow and altered metabolic properties.”
From The role of apolipoprotein E in Alzheimer's disease (2009) · cites this paper as Graner et al., 2008
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Apolipoprotein E alleles, dyslipidemia, and coronary heart disease. The Framingham Offspring Study
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The role of apolipoprotein E in Alzheimer's disease
Kim, J., Basak, J. M., & Holtzman, D. M. (2009) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2009.06.026 · Cited by 1,661 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein E in lipoprotein metabolism, health and cardiovascular disease
Marais, A. D. (2019) · Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.pathol.2018.11.002 · Cited by 382 · see citing works
Georgiadou, D., Stamatakis, K., Efthimiadou, E. K., Kordas, G., Gantz, D., Chroni, A., & Stratikos, E. (2013) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.m030965 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
- Authors
- Granér, M., Kahri, J., Varpula, M., Salonen, R. M., Nyyssönen, K., Jauhiainen, M., Nieminen, M. S., Syvänne, M., & Taskinen, M.-R.
- Affiliations
- Helsinki University Hospital (FI)
- University of Eastern Finland (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Granér, Marit
- Venue
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-05
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 271-277
- ISSN
- 0939-4753 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2063582765
- Cited by
- 53
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- STM:n Hallinnonalan avoin julkaisuarkisto (Julkari) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Helsingin ja Uudenmaan Sairaanhoitopiiri
- Hospital Research Foundation
- Wilhelm och Else Stockmanns Stiftelse
- Academy of Finland
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Keywords
- APOE polymorphism, APOE ε4, APOE3, carotid intima-media thickness, coronary artery disease, atheroma burden, apolipoprotein B, remnant cholesterol, lipoprotein(a), triglycerides, LDL particle size, genetic susceptibility
- MeSH terms
- Apolipoproteins E, Carotid Arteries, Carotid Artery Diseases, Coronary Artery Disease, Female, Finland, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Genetic, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Ultrasonography, Cohort Studies, Coronary Angiography, Tunica Intima, Protein Isoforms, Apolipoprotein E3, Apolipoprotein E4
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