The excessive caloric intake and micronutrient deficiencies related to obesity after a long-term interdisciplinary therapy
Open accessAbstract
Objective The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a long-term interdisciplinary lifestyle modification therapy on food intake, body composition, and anthropometric measurements of obese women.Methods Seventy obese women (age 41 ± 5.9 y) attended the interdisciplinary therapy, with nutrition, physical exercise, physiotherapy, and psychological support during the course of 1 y. Usual food intake was estimated by 3-d dietary record. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was performed to determine body fat and fat-free mass. Waist and hip circumferences also were measured. Student's t test and Wilcoxon test were used for comparisons among categories; P < 0.05 was considered significant.Results The assessment of dietary intake showed significant changes after interdisciplinary therapy. A reduction in intake of total calories (18.3%), carbohydrates (15.6%), and total fats (13.1%) was observed. Total micronutrient intake did not change positively after therapy, as the intake level of 16 micronutrients was still lower than recommended. The therapy was effective in reducing significantly body weight (5.9%), body mass index (6.1%), body fat (4.7%), and waist (5.2%) and hip (3.8%) circumferences.Conclusions Long-term interdisciplinary therapy was effective in decreasing the intake of calories, carbohydrates, and fats. The therapy positively changed the body composition and reduced anthropometric measurements. However, the intake of some micronutrients after therapy was still significantly lower than recommended. These results demonstrated that the proposed interdisciplinary methodology can be effective in treating obesity; however, the present study reinforced the need to address the micronutrient deficiency in the target population.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Nutrient deficiencies such as vitamins D, A, B6, folate, C, calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium, and zinc can be common in people with obesity and for those on hypocaloric diets.
“Counseling patients on adequate nutrition can be helpful in preventing nutrient deficiencies such as vitamins D, A, B6, folate, C, calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium, and zinc, which can be common in people with obesity and for those on hypocaloric diets [96,97,98,99].”
From Lifestyle Medicine for Obesity in the Era of Highly Effective Anti-Obesity Treatment (2025) · cites this paper as [98]
The Introduction reports inadequate intake of several listed nutrients in people with obesity, and the Discussion reports that multiple inadequacies persisted in obese women after a calorie-restricted intervention (no page numbers supplied). The paper does not identify vitamin B6 as a deficiency in its findings, although its table shows a median intake below the reference value. Its intervention also does not establish how common these deficiencies are among people on hypocaloric diets generally. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredLarge, rapid reductions in energy intake with GLP-1s can lead to insufficient intakes of essential vitamins and minerals, especially at energy intakes below 1200 kcal/day for females and below 1800 kcal/day for males.
“This large, rapid reduction can lead to insufficient intakes of essential vitamins and minerals, especially at energy intakes <1200 kcal/d for females and < 1800 kcal/d for males [57].”
From Nutritional priorities to support <scp>GLP</scp> ‐1 therapy for obesity: A joint Advisory from the American College of Lifestyle Medicine, the American Society for Nutrition, the Obesity Medicine Association, and The Obesity Society (2025) · cites this paper as [57]
The Discussion (page unavailable) reports that micronutrient intakes were insufficient in women before therapy and that deficiencies persisted after an 18.3% reduction in calorie intake, with additional insufficient intakes observed. The paper does not establish the stated 1200-kcal/day threshold for females or 1800-kcal/day threshold for males, and it does not study rapid GLP-1–related reductions. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThose with obesity who have engaged in some form of calorie or dietary restriction have a higher likelihood of developing nutritional deficiencies.
“Those with obesity who have engaged in some form of calorie or dietary restriction have a higher likelihood of developing nutritional deficiencies [53,98,99,130,131]”
From Lifestyle Medicine for Obesity in the Era of Highly Effective Anti-Obesity Treatment (2025) · cites this paper as [98]
The Discussion reports that obese women had insufficient micronutrient intake before therapy and that these shortfalls persisted after an intervention that reduced calorie intake; three additional micronutrients fell below recommended intake afterward. The paper does not establish that people with obesity who restrict their diets are more likely to develop deficiencies than those who do not, and its findings are limited to the women studied. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredLarge, rapid caloric reduction with GLP-1s can produce insufficient intake of essential vitamins and minerals, especially at energy intakes <1200 kcal/day for women and <1800 kcal/day for men.
“This large, rapid reduction can produce insufficient intake of essential vitamins and minerals, especially at energy intakes <1200 kcal/day for women and <1800 kcal/day for men [53].”
Large, rapid reduction in energy intake with GLP-1s can lead to insufficient intakes of essential vitamins and minerals, especially at energy intakes <1200 kcal/d for females and <1800 kcal/d for males.
“This large, rapid reduction can lead to insufficient intakes of essential vitamins and minerals, especially at energy intakes <1200 kcal/d for females and <1800 kcal/d for males [57].”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet
References 42 · Cited by 52
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- [22]22. Institute of Medicine. DRI Dietary Reference Intake: applications in dietary assessment. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 2000.
- [27]27. Freitas S, Lopes C, Coutinho W, Appolinario JC. Translation and adaptation to Portuguese of the Binge-Eating Scale. Rev Bras Psiquiatr 2001;23:215-20.
- Authors
- Poli, V. F. S., Sanches, R. B., Moraes, A. D. S., Fidalgo, J. P. N., Nascimento, M. A., Bresciani, P., Andrade-Silva, S. G., Cipullo, M. A. T., Clemente, J. C., & Caranti, D. A.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (BR)
- Corresponding author
- Poli, Vanessa Fadanelli Schoenardie
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-06
- Volume
- 38
- Pages
- 113-119
- ISSN
- 0899-9007 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2590289770
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 3.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UNIFESP Institutional Repository (Universidade Federal de São Paulo) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Keywords
- obesity, energy intake, micronutrient deficiency, body composition, fat mass, fat-free mass, anthropometry, dietary intake, women, physical activity, nutrition counseling, physiotherapy, psychological support
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Body Composition, Brazil, Energy Intake, Diet, Reducing, Female, Humans, Life Style, Middle Aged, Obesity, Patient Care Team, Social Support, Exercise, Absorptiometry, Photon, Diet Records, Micronutrients, Physical Therapy Modalities
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
