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Cited by 327Glaucoma and retinal disordersNerve injury and regenerationNeurological Disorders and Treatments

Glaucoma 2.0: Neuroprotection, Neuroregeneration, Neuroenhancement

Open access
Chang, Elma E., Goldberg, Jeffrey L.·2012·Ophthalmology
DOI 10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.11.003PMC PMC3343191
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Abstract

Glaucoma is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) associated with characteristic axon degeneration in the optic nerve. Clinically, our only method of slowing glaucomatous loss of vision is to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP), but lowering IOP is only partially effective and does not address the underlying susceptibility of RGCs to degeneration. We review the recent steps forward in our understanding of the pathophysiology of glaucoma and discuss how this understanding has given us a next generation of therapeutic targets by which to maintain RGC survival, protect or rebuild RGC connections in the retina and brain, and enhance RGC function.

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  • Many glaucoma patients continue to progress and lose vision despite achieving optimal IOP levels under IOP-lowering therapies.

    “Many glaucoma patients continue to progress and lose vision, in spite of achieving optimal IOP levels under IOP-lowering therapies and there is no evidence that glaucoma patients spontaneously recover vision over the long term (Chang and Goldberg, 2012; Hood, 2019; Kass et al., 2002; Pascale et al., 2012).”

    From Sustained Vision Recovery by OSK Gene Therapy in a Mouse Model of Glaucoma (2023) · cites this paper as Chang and Goldberg, 2012

    The “Complimenting IOP-Lowering Therapy” section says some patients have progressive disc changes or visual-field loss despite IOP lowering, including some who reach their lowest achievable IOP. It does not establish that many patients progress or that their IOP reached an optimal level. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • There is no evidence that glaucoma patients spontaneously recover vision over the long term.

    “Many glaucoma patients continue to progress and lose vision, in spite of achieving optimal IOP levels under IOP-lowering therapies and there is no evidence that glaucoma patients spontaneously recover vision over the long term (Chang and Goldberg, 2012; Hood, 2019; Kass et al., 2002; Pascale et al., 2012).”

    From Sustained Vision Recovery by OSK Gene Therapy in a Mouse Model of Glaucoma (2023) · cites this paper as Chang and Goldberg, 2012

    The Introduction describes glaucoma as a cause of irreversible blindness, and the Optic Nerve Axon Regeneration section says that rebuilding connections after long-standing axon injury would require regeneration. These passages support the general point that established vision loss may not recover, but they do not assess whether glaucoma patients spontaneously recover vision over the long term or state that there is no evidence of it. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.78)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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References 47 · Cited by 327

Research works printed but not linked: 38

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Authors
Chang, E. E., & Goldberg, J. L.
Affiliations
University of Miami (US)
Corresponding author
Goldberg, Jeffrey L.
ORCID
Goldberg, Jeffrey L.
Venue
Ophthalmology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2012-05
Volume
119
Issue
5
Pages
979-986
ISSN
0161-6420 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.11.003
PMC
PMC3343191
OpenAlex
W2041612070
Cited by
327
References
47
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 9
FWCI
3.64
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Ophthalmology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Eye Institute (R01EY020913, EY 014801, EY020913, P30EY014801)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS061348, R01NS061348)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Glaucoma and retinal disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nerve injury and regeneration
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disorders and Treatments
Keywords
glaucoma, retinal ganglion cells, neuroprotection, nerve regeneration, cognitive enhancement, intraocular pressure, glaucoma pathophysiology, therapeutic target, retinal degeneration
MeSH terms
Antihypertensive Agents, Cell Survival, Glaucoma, Humans, Intraocular Pressure, Nerve Regeneration, Retinal Ganglion Cells, Neuroprotective Agents

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