CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 681Pain Management and TreatmentStroke Rehabilitation and RecoveryPain Mechanisms and Treatments

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 42 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Graded motor imagery is effective for long-standing complex regional pain syndrome: a randomised controlled trial

Moseley, L G.·2004·Pain
DOI 10.1016/j.pain.2004.01.006
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS1) involves cortical abnormalities similar to those observed in phantom pain and after stroke. In those groups, treatment is aimed at activation of cortical networks that subserve the affected limb, for example mirror therapy. However, mirror therapy is not effective for chronic CRPS1, possibly because movement of the limb evokes intolerable pain. It was hypothesised that preceding mirror therapy with activation of cortical networks without limb movement would reduce pain and swelling in patients with chronic CRPS1. Thirteen chronic CRPS1 patients were randomly allocated to a motor imagery program (MIP) or to ongoing management. The MIP consisted of two weeks each of a hand laterality recognition task, imagined hand movements and mirror therapy. After 12 weeks, the control group was crossed-over to MIP. There was a main effect of treatment group (F(1, 11) = 57, P < 0.01) and an effect size of approximately 25 points on the Neuropathic pain scale. The number needed to treat for a 50% reduction in NPS score was approximately 2. The effect of treatment was replicated in the crossed-over control subjects. The results uphold the hypothesis that a MIP initially not involving limb movement is effective for CRPS1 and support the involvement of cortical abnormalities in the development of this disorder. Although the mechanisms of effect of the MIP are not clear, possible explanations are sequential activation of cortical pre-motor and motor networks, or sustained and focussed attention on the affected limb, or both.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.pain.2004.01.006

Cites

42 of 42 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Show all 42 references

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Montoya, 1998, Brain activation during executed and imagined movements using fMRI., J Psychophysiol, 12, 393

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 501–600 of 677

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Moseley, L. G.
Venue
Pain
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2004-03
Volume
108
Issue
1
Pages
192-198
ISSN
0304-3959 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.pain.2004.01.006
OpenAlex
W2171940221
Cited by
681
References
42
Citations by year
2026: 19 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 45 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 39 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 41 · 2012: 44
FWCI
20.29
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Pain (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
Keywords
complex regional pain syndrome type I, graded motor imagery, mirror therapy, cortical abnormalities, neuropathic pain, phantom pain, chronic pain
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Chronic Disease, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motor Cortex, Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy, Treatment Outcome, Cross-Over Studies, Imagery, Psychotherapy, Physical Therapy Modalities

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review