Scaling and universality in the micro-structure of urban space
Open accessThe claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Several studies found scale-free degree distributions in street networks using other graph representations.
“Several studies also found scale-free degree distributions in street networks, using other graph representations (Cardillo et al. 2006;Carvalho and Penn 2004;Porta et al. 2006).”
From A Network Approach to Link Visibility and Urban Activity Location (2018) · cites this paper as Carvalho and Penn 2004
The paper describes axial maps as a representation of streets (p. 2), but its Abstract (p. 1) and section 2.2 (p. 4) report power-law distributions of axial-line lengths, not scale-free degree distributions. Thus it supports the use of another street representation, but not the finding attributed to it. (LLM, conf=0.79)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 10
- [5][5] Frank Schweitzer and Jens Steinbrink. Estimation of megacity growth. Appl. Geogr. , 18(1):69-81, 1998. -
- [6][6] G. Malescio, N. V. Dokholyan, S. V. Buldyrev, and H. Eugene Stanley. Hierarchical organization of cities and nations. arXiv:cond-mat/005178. -
- [8][8] Susanna C. Manrubia and Dami´ an H. Zanette. Role of intermittency in urban development: a model of large scale city formation. Phys. Rev. Lett. , 79(3):523526, 1997. -
- [9][9] Matteo Marsili, Sergei Maslov, and Yi-Cheng Zhang. Comment on: 'role of intermittency in urban development: a model of large scale city formation'. Phys. Rev. Lett. , 80(21):4830, 1998. -
- [12][12] Michael Batty and Paul Longley. Fractal Cities . Academic Press, London, 1994. -
- [14][14] Gouqiang Shen. Fractal dimension and fractal growth of urbanized areas. Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci. , 16(5):419-437, 2002. -
- [17][17] Bill Hillier and Julienne Hanson. The Social Logic of Space . Cambridge University Press., Cambridge, 1984. -
- [19][19] Bin Jiang and H. Randy Gimblett. An agent based approach to environmental and urban systems within geographic information systems. In H. Randy Gimblett, editor, Integrating Geographic Information Systems and Agent-based Modeling Technniques for Simulating Social and Ecological Processes , Santa Fe Studies in the Sciences of Complexity, pages 171-190. Oxford University Press, New York, 2002. -
- [20][20] Bill Hillier. A theory of the city as object. In John Peponis, Jean Wineman, and Sonit Bafna, editors, Space Syntax 3rd International Symposium , pages 02.1-02.28, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 2001. A. Alfred Taubman College of Architecture and Urban Planning, University of Michigan. -
- [21][21] D. Sornette. Critical Phenomena in Natural Sciences, Chaos, Fractals, Selforganization and Disorder: Concepts and Tools . Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, 2000. -
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A topological pattern of urban street networks: Universality and peculiarity
Jiang, B. (2007) · Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications · doi:10.1016/j.physa.2007.05.064 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
A Network Approach to Link Visibility and Urban Activity Location
Natapov, A., Czamanski, D., & Fisher-Gewirtzman, D. (2018) · Networks and Spatial Economics · doi:10.1007/s11067-018-9411-4 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“Several studies also found scale-free degree distributions in street networks, using other graph representations (Cardillo et al. 2006; Carvalho and Penn 2004; Porta et al. 2006).”
Background
- Authors
- Carvalho, R., & Penn, A.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Carvalho, Rui
- Venue
- Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-02
- Volume
- 332
- Pages
- 539-547
- ISSN
- 0378-4371 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2240260345
- Cited by
- 96
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 18.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Urban Design and Spatial Analysis
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Regional Economics and Spatial Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Condensed Matter Physics › Theoretical and Computational Physics
- Keywords
- scaling, universality class, power-law tails, cumulative distribution, Lévy processes, urban geometry, city size
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
