The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Dark energy and the generalized second law
Open accessAbstract
We explore the thermodynamics of dark energy taking into account the existence of the observer's event horizon in accelerated universes. Except for the initial stage of Chaplygin gas dominated expansion, the generalized second law of gravitational thermodynamics is fulfilled and the temperature of the phantom fluid results positive. This substantially extends the work of Pollock and Singh [M.D. Pollock, T.P. Singh, Class. Quantum Grav. 6 (1989) 901] on the thermodynamics of super-inflationary expansion.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Handbook of Mathematical Functions
McQuarrie, D. A. (1966) · American Journal of Physics · doi:10.1119/1.1972842 · Cited by 40,433
Riess, A. G., Strolger, L., Tonry, J., Casertano, S., Ferguson, H. C., Mobasher, B., Challis, P., Filippenko, A. V., Jha, S., Li, W., et al. (2004) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/383612 · Cited by 4,315
Susskind, L. (1994) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/9409089 · Cited by 4,085
Susskind, L. (1995) · Journal of Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.531249 · Cited by 4,085
The phantom menaced: Constraints on low-energy effective ghosts
Cline, J. M., Jeon, S., & Moore, G. D. (2004) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.70.043543 · Cited by 677
Cited by
Quintom cosmology: Theoretical implications and observations
Cai, Y.-F., Saridakis, E. N., Setare, M. R., & Xia, J.-Q. (2010) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2010.04.001 · Cited by 868
Metadata
- Authors
- Izquierdo, G., & Pavón, D.
- Venue
- Physics Letters B
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-02
- Volume
- 633
- Issue
- 4-5
- Pages
- 420-426
- ISSN
- 0370-2693 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2019047586
- Cited by
- 300
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 6.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Dark energy and the generalized second law. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.physletb.2005.12.040
- The paper
- Izquierdo, G., & Pavón, D. (2006). Dark energy and the generalized second law. Physics Letters B. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2005.12.040
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
