Role of circular RNAs in brain development and CNS diseases
Open accessAbstract
In mammals, many classes of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are expressed at a much higher level in the brain than in other organs. Recent studies have identified a new class of ncRNAs called circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are produced by back-splicing and fusion of either exons, introns, or both exon-intron into covalently closed loops. The circRNAs are also highly enriched in the brain and increase continuously from the embryonic to the adult stage. Although the functional significance and mechanism of action of circRNAs are still being actively explored, they are thought to regulate the transcription of their host genes and sequestration of miRNAs and RNA binding proteins. Some circRNAs are also shown to have translation potential to form peptides. The expression and abundance of circRNAs seem to be spatiotemporally maintained in a normal brain. Altered expression of circRNAs is also thought to mediate several disorders, including brain-tumor growth, and acute and chronic neurodegenerative disorders by affecting mechanisms such as angiogenesis, neuronal plasticity, autophagy, apoptosis, and inflammation. This review discusses the involvement of various circRNAs in brain development and CNS diseases. A better understanding of the circRNA function will help to develop novel therapeutic strategies to treat CNS complications.
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Many host genes of circRNA were enriched in the pathway of synaptic activities and neurotransmitter secretion.
“many host genes of circRNA were enriched in the pathway of synaptic activities and neurotransmitter secretion.289,297,298”
From Epigenetic regulation in major depression and other stress-related disorders: molecular mechanisms, clinical relevance and therapeutic potential (2023) · cites this paper as [289]
In “CircRNAs in brain development and aging” (page unavailable), the review says circRNA host genes are enriched in synaptosomes and related to synaptic function. It also associates brain-enriched circRNAs with neurotransmitter function, but does not specifically report enrichment of host genes in a neurotransmitter-secretion pathway. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredSome circRNAs can translate to peptides.
“some circRNAs can translate to peptides.289”
From Epigenetic regulation in major depression and other stress-related disorders: molecular mechanisms, clinical relevance and therapeutic potential (2023) · cites this paper as [289]
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References 194 · Cited by 281
Research works printed but not linked: 6
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- Authors
- Mehta, S. L., Dempsey, R. J., & Vemuganti, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- University of Wisconsin System (US)
- Corresponding author
- Vemuganti, Raghu
- Venue
- Progress in Neurobiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-03
- Volume
- 186
- Pages
- 101746
- ISSN
- 0301-0082 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7024016
- OpenAlex
- W2999542134
- Cited by
- 281
- References
- 194
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 72 · 2022: 52 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 4.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Progress in Neurobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Wisconsin-Madison
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Circular RNAs in diseases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Keywords
- circular RNA, brain development, central nervous system disorders, non-coding RNA, back-splicing, circRNA translation, microRNA sequestration, RNA-binding proteins, brain tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, angiogenesis, neuroplasticity, autophagy, apoptosis, neuroinflammation
- MeSH terms
- RNA, Circular, Animals, Brain, Central Nervous System Diseases, Humans, MicroRNAs
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