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Cited by 36Retinal Development and DisordersNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchMedical and Biological Sciences

Fixation strategies for retinal immunohistochemistry

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Stradleigh, Tyler W., Ishida, Andrew T.·2015·Progress in Retinal and Eye Research
DOI 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2015.04.001PMC PMC4543575
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Abstract

Immunohistochemical and ex vivo anatomical studies have provided many glimpses of the variety, distribution, and signaling components of vertebrate retinal neurons. The beauty of numerous images published to date, and the qualitative and quantitative information they provide, indicate that these approaches are fundamentally useful. However, obtaining these images entailed tissue handling and exposure to chemical solutions that differ from normal extracellular fluid in composition, temperature, and osmolarity. Because the differences are large enough to alter intercellular and intracellular signaling in neurons, and because retinae are susceptible to crush, shear, and fray, it is natural to wonder if immunohistochemical and anatomical methods disturb or damage the cells they are designed to examine. Tissue fixation is typically incorporated to guard against this damage and is therefore critically important to the quality and significance of the harvested data. Here, we describe mechanisms of fixation; advantages and disadvantages of using formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde as fixatives during immunohistochemistry; and modifications of widely used protocols that have recently been found to improve cell shape preservation and immunostaining patterns, especially in proximal retinal neurons.

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Authors
Stradleigh, T. W., & Ishida, A. T.
Affiliations
University of California, Davis (US)
Corresponding author
Ishida, Andrew T.
ORCID
Venue
Progress in Retinal and Eye Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2015-09
Volume
48
Pages
181-202
ISSN
1350-9462 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.preteyeres.2015.04.001
PMC
PMC4543575
OpenAlex
W1972498321
Cited by
36
References
354
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1
FWCI
0.26
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Progress in Retinal and Eye Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders
National Eye Institute (EY008120, R01EY008120, EY008120-17S1, P30EY012576, T32EY015387)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Retinal Development and Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Anatomy › Medical and Biological Sciences
Keywords
retinal neurons, tissue fixation, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, tissue handling
MeSH terms
Fixatives, Formaldehyde, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Osmolar Concentration, Retina, Staining and Labeling, Tissue Fixation, Retinal Neurons

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