Effects of Alkaline Solution on Properties of the HCFA Geopolymer Mortars
Open accessAbstract
Geopolymers are novel binding materials produced by the alkaline activation of rich aluminosilicate materials. Geopolymer binders are considered as green building materials that have increasing potential to replace the ordinary Portland cement in the concrete industry. This study investigated the alkali solution effects on the physical and mechanical properties of the high calcium fly ash based geopolymers. The parameters involved in this study were the NaOH solution molarity and the Na 2 SiO 3 /NaOH ratio. Three NaOH concentrations (8, 10, and 12 molars) were investigated. The Na 2 SiO 3 /NaOH ratio was varied between 1 and 2.5. The results showed that the studied parameters significantly affected the properties of the produced geopolymer mortars. The workability and setting time were found to decrease by increasing the NaOH concentration or by increasing the Na 2 SiO 3 /NaOH ratio. The influence of the NaOH concentration was higher on the workability and setting time while the Na 2 SiO 3 /NaOH ratio highly affected the compressive strength. The initial setting time was in the range of 45-105 minutes while the final setting occurred quickly after that within 70-115 minutes. Oven curing method resulted in high strength at early ages where all of the mixes were able to achieve more than 75% of the 28 days strength within the first 3 days. The 28-days compressive strength ranged between 60-85 MPa, which promotes the use of the high calcium fly ash for the production of early high strength geopolymer concrete.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
A strong alkali is needed to partially or entirely dissolve the silica and alumina available in the source materials.
“According to Malkawi et al. [105], a strong alkali is needed due to the alkali activator’s function, which is required to partially or entirely dissolve the silica and alumina available in the source materials as explained in details in the polymerization mechanism [74,78,101,106].”
From Potential of Soil Stabilization Using Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) and Fly Ash via Geopolymerization Method: A Review (2022) · cites this paper as [105]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- Davidovits, J., Global warming impact on the cement and aggregates industries. World Resource Review, 1994. 6(2): p. 263-278.
- Khale, D. and R. Chaudhary, Mechanism of geopolymerization and factors influencing its development: a review. Journal of Materials Science, 2007. 42(3): p. 729-746.
- Pathak, A., S. Kumar, and V.K. Jha, Development of Building Material from Geopolymerization of Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW). Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society, 2014. 73(2): p. 133-137.
- Thokchom, S., K.K. Mandal, and S. Ghosh, Effect of Si/Al Ratio on Performance of Fly Ash Geopolymers at Elevated Temperature. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2012. 37(4): p. 977-989.
- Temuujin, J., R. Williams, and A. Van Riessen, Effect of mechanical activation of fly ash on the properties of geopolymer cured at ambient temperature. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2009. 209(12): p. 5276-5280.
- Al Bakri, A.M., et al., Effect of Na2SiO3/NaOH ratios and NaOH molarities on compressive strength of fly-ash-based geopolymer. ACI Materials Journal, 2012. 109(5): p. 503-508.
- Sayyad, A.S. and S.V. Patankar, Effect of Steel Fibres and Low Calcium Fly Ash on Mechanical and Elastic Properties of Geopolymer Concrete Composites. Indian Journal of Materials Science, 2013. 2013: p. 1-8.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Abdila, S. R., Abdullah, M. M. A. B., Ahmad, R., Burduhos Nergis, D. D., Rahim, S. Z. A., Omar, M. F., Sandu, A. V., Vizureanu, P., & Syafwandi (2022) · Materials · doi:10.3390/ma15010375 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
- Authors
- Malkawi, A. B., Nuruddin, M. F., Fauzi, A., Almattarneh, H., & Mohammed, B. S.
- Affiliations
- Universiti Teknologi Petronas (MY)
- Corresponding author
- Nuruddin, Muhd Fadhil
- Venue
- Procedia Engineering
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016
- Volume
- 148
- Pages
- 710-717
- ISSN
- 1877-7058 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2461269476
- Cited by
- 202
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5
- FWCI
- 28.76
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Procedia Engineering (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Universiti Teknologi Petronas
- Najran University
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Concrete and Cement Materials Research
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Microbial Applications in Construction Materials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization
- Keywords
- geopolymer mortar, high-calcium fly ash, alkali activation, NaOH concentration, Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio, workability, setting time, compressive strength, oven curing, cement replacement
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
