Complex Trauma in Adolescents and Adults
Abstract
Complex trauma involves multiple exposures to adverse events over the lifespan. Such experiences are associated with a variety of psychological outcomes, including a decreased threshold for the development of posttraumatic stress disorder as well as self-capacity problems and dysfunctional behaviors. Psychological interventions that increase affect regulation, support titrated processing of memories and cognitions, and emphasize the therapeutic relationship seem to be most helpful for complex trauma effects. Pharmacologic treatments have some efficacy in the treatment of the posttraumatic stress components of complex posttraumatic outcomes but are generally less successful in reducing self-related problems and symptoms.
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People who have experienced racial trauma have more insecure attachment, relational dysfunction, and complicated interpersonal relationships, including higher rates of divorce, separation, and marital problems.
“In addition, people who have experienced racial trauma have more insecure attachment, relational dysfunction, and complicated interpersonal relationships, including higher rates of divorce, separation, and marital problems”
From Complex Racial Trauma: Evidence, Theory, Assessment, and Treatment (2023) · cites this paper as Briere & Scott, 2015
Individuals who have experienced complex trauma have a higher prevalence of depression, PTSD, anxiety, sleep problems, suicidal ideation and behavior, alcohol and substance use, affect dysregulation, impulsivity, and personality disorders.
“Studies conducted among individuals who have experienced complex trauma have shown consequences on their mental health, including a higher prevalence of depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, sleep problems, suicidal ideation and behavior, and alcohol and substance use, as well as affect dysregulation, impulsivity, and personality disorders”
From Complex Racial Trauma: Evidence, Theory, Assessment, and Treatment (2023) · cites this paper as Briere & Scott, 2015
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References 103 · Cited by 114
- Authors
- Briere, J., & Scott, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- Corresponding author
- Briere, John
- ORCID
- Briere, John
- Venue
- Psychiatric Clinics of North America
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-09
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 515-527
- ISSN
- 0193-953X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1025196417
- Cited by
- 114
- References
- 103
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 1.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychiatric Clinics of North America (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Keywords
- complex trauma, adverse childhood experiences, post-traumatic stress disorder, adolescents, adults, dysfunctional behavior, emotion regulation, memory processes, therapeutic relationship, pharmacotherapy, psychological intervention
- MeSH terms
- Dissociative Disorders, Humans, Life Change Events, Psychotherapy, Psychotropic Drugs, Risk Factors, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
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