Development and validation of attitudes towards recovery questionnaire across Chinese people in recovery, their family carers, and service providers in Hong Kong
Abstract
Considering the lack of existing measures on attitudes toward personal recovery and the need to acknowledge the cultural milieu in recovery attitude assessment, the present study developed and validated the Attitudes towards Recovery Questionnaire (ARQ) in a sample of people in recovery of mental illness, family carers, and mental health service providers in Hong Kong. The ARQ was developed based on existing literature and measures of recovery, and focus group discussions with various stakeholders. Findings of the multi-sample confirmatory factor analyses supported a five-factor structure: (1) resilience as a person in recovery, (2) self-appreciation and development, (3) self-direction, (4) family involvement, and (5) social ties and integration. The ARQ was positively correlated with recovery outcomes, empowerment, recovery knowledge, and recovery orientation of mental health services. As a tool for examining recovery attitudes, the ARQ informs us of the mindset across stakeholders and areas that need enhancement to facilitate the recovery process.
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An example of this is (90) including the domains "family involvement" and "social ties and integration" as part of their scale to measure personal recovery in Chinese culture.
“An example of this is (90) including the domains “family involvement” and “social ties and integration” as part of their scale to measure personal recovery in Chinese culture.”
From Recovery from Severe Mental Health Problems: A Systematic Review of Service User and Informal Caregiver Perspectives (2021) · cites this paper as [90]
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References 56 · Cited by 15
- Authors
- Mak, W. W. S., Chan, R. C. H., & Yau, S. S. W.
- Affiliations
- Chinese University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Corresponding author
- Mak, Winnie W.S.
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-09
- Volume
- 267
- Pages
- 48-55
- ISSN
- 0165-1781 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2805601000
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 3.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychiatry Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- the Social Welfare Development Fund of the Social Welfare Department (SWDF-R01)
- HKSAR
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mental Health and Patient Involvement
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychiatric care and mental health services
- Keywords
- recovery attitudes, mental illness recovery, Chinese people, family caregivers, mental health service providers, resilience, self-direction, family involvement, social integration, recovery orientation, empowerment, questionnaire development, psychometric validation, Hong Kong
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Attitude to Health, Mental Disorders, Female, Hong Kong, Humans, Male, Mental Health Services, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reproducibility of Results, Caregivers, Focus Groups, Recovery of Function, Asian People
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