Gut sensing of potassium intake and its role in potassium homeostasis
Open accessAbstract
Extracellular K(+) homeostasis has been explained by feedback mechanisms in which changes in extracellular K(+) concentration drive renal K(+) excretion directly or indirectly via stimulating aldosterone secretion. However, this cannot explain meal-induced kaliuresis, which often occurs without increases in plasma K(+) or aldosterone concentrations. Recent studies have produced evidence supporting a feedforward control in which gut sensing of dietary K(+) increases renal K(+) excretion (and extrarenal K(+) uptake) independent of plasma K(+) concentrations, namely, a gut factor. This review focuses on these new findings and discusses the role of gut factor in acute and chronic regulation of extracellular K(+) as well as in the beneficial effects of high K(+) intake on the cardiovascular system.
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K+ intake activates a feedforward control in which distal tubule K+ secretion is stimulated before changes in plasma K+ concentration or aldosterone concentration can be observed.
“K+ intake has been shown to activate a feedforward control in which distal tubule K+ secretion is stimulated before changes in plasma K+ concentration or ALD concentration can be observed [1, 15–18].”
From A mathematical model of potassium homeostasis: Effect of feedforward and feedback controls (2022) · cites this paper as [18]
The “Feedforward control of K+ homeostasis” section says sensing K+ intake can increase renal K+ excretion without or before increases in plasma K+ or aldosterone. The “Gut sensing of K+ stimulates kaliuresis after a meal” section likewise reports excretion independent of those regulators. The paper does not establish that the feedforward response specifically stimulates distal-tubule K+ secretion; it describes that mechanism as a potential explanation for meal-induced excretion. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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References 65 · Cited by 63
- Authors
- Youn, J. H.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- Corresponding author
- Youn, Jang H.
- ORCID
- Youn, Jang H.
- Venue
- Seminars in Nephrology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-05
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 248-256
- ISSN
- 0270-9295 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3748407
- OpenAlex
- W2006720127
- Cited by
- 63
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 0.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Seminars in Nephrology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK090749, R21DK090749)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Potassium and Related Disorders
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Sodium Intake and Health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
- Keywords
- potassium homeostasis, potassium intake, renal potassium excretion, feedforward control, aldosterone
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Gastrointestinal Hormones, Homeostasis, Humans, Insulin, Potassium, Potassium, Dietary
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