C-Phycocyanin-a novel protein from Spirulina platensis- In vivo toxicity, antioxidant and immunomodulatory studies
Open accessAbstract
A pigment-protein highly dominant in Spirulina is known as C-Phycocyanin. Earlier, in vitro studies has shown that C-phycocyanin is having many biological activities like antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, antiplatelet, hepatoprotective, and cholesterol-lowering properties. Interestingly, there are scanty in vivo experimental findings on the immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of C-phycocyanin. This work is aimed at in vivo evaluation of the effects of C-phycocyanin on immunomodulation and antioxidant potential in Balb/c mice. Our results of in vivo toxicity, immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of C-Phycocyanin suggests that C-phycocyanin is very safe for consumption and having substantial antioxidant potential and also possess immunomodulatory activities in Balb/c mice in a dosage dependent manner. C-phycocyanin doesn’t cause acute and subacute toxicity in the animal model (male, Balb/c mice) studied. We have reported that C-phycocyanin exhibited in vivo immunomodulation performance in this animal model.
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Phycocyanin from Limnospira has antioxidant properties that reduce oxidative stress and improve endothelial function, enhancing antihypertensive effects of co-occurring peptides.
“Phycocyanin, a pigment-protein complex from Limnospira, has demonstrated antioxidant properties that reduce oxidative stress and improve endothelial function, thereby enhancing the antihypertensive effects of co-occurring peptides [70].”
From Navigating the potential of algal peptides: health effects, market applications, and scientific challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [70]
The Discussion (page unavailable) reports antioxidant activity of C-phycocyanin, including increased SOD and catalase activity, and explains that improved antioxidant status can minimize oxidative stress. It does not report improved endothelial function or show that phycocyanin enhances the antihypertensive effects of co-occurring peptides. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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References 44 · Cited by 156
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Lillie, R. D. 1965. Histopathologic Technic and Practical. Histochemistry. (3rd ed.).McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.
- Nandini, T., Ramya, Sree, D., Janbee, S., Siva, Sai, Kiran, K., Raveendra,Babu, G. 2016. Study of Immunomodulatory Effect of Seeds of Brassica nigra and Cuminum cyminum in Albino Rats. Asian J. Pharmaceut. Clin. Res., 8(1),10–14.
- Vonshak, A., 1997. Physiology, Cell Biology Biotechnology. Taylor & Francis, London.
- Authors
- Grover, P., Bhatnagar, A., Kumari, N., Narayan Bhatt, A., Kumar Nishad, D., & Purkayastha, J.
- Affiliations
- Defence Research and Development Organisation (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Purkayastha, Jubilee
- Venue
- Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-03
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1853-1859
- ISSN
- 1319-562X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7938138
- OpenAlex
- W3113734714
- Cited by
- 156
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 4
- FWCI
- 9.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Defence Research and Development Organisation
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Medicinal Plant Research
- Keywords
- C-phycocyanin, Spirulina platensis, immunomodulation, antioxidant activity, acute and subacute toxicity, dose-dependent effects, BALB/c mice
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