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The role of sleep hygiene in promoting public health: A review of empirical evidence
Open accessAbstract
The ineffectiveness of sleep hygiene as a treatment in clinical sleep medicine has raised some interesting questions. If it is known that, individually, each specific component of sleep hygiene is related to sleep, why wouldn't addressing multiple individual components (i.e., sleep hygiene education) improve sleep? Is there still a use for sleep hygiene? Global public health concern over sleep has increased demand for sleep promotion strategies accessible to the population. However, the extent to which sleep hygiene strategies apply outside clinical settings is not well known. The present review sought to evaluate the empirical evidence for sleep hygiene recommendations regarding exercise, stress management, noise, sleep timing, and avoidance of caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, and daytime napping, with a particular emphasis on their public health utility. Thus, our review is not intended to be exhaustive regarding the clinical application of these techniques, but rather to focus on broader applications. Overall, though epidemiologic and experimental research generally supported an association between individual sleep hygiene recommendations and nocturnal sleep, the direct effects of individual recommendations on sleep remains largely untested in the general population. Suggestions for clarification of sleep hygiene recommendations and considerations for the use of sleep hygiene in nonclinical populations are discussed.
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“A common behavioural recommendation to optimise sleep is to avoid caffeine in close proximity to bedtime [10].”
From The effect of caffeine on subsequent sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [10]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Irish, L. A., Kline, C. E., Gunn, H. E., Buysse, D. J., & Hall, M. H.
- Affiliations
- North Dakota State University (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Irish, Leah A.
- Venue
- Sleep Medicine Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-08
- Volume
- 22
- Pages
- 23-36
- ISSN
- 1087-0792 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4400203
- OpenAlex
- W1999533270
- Cited by
- 931
- References
- 140
- Citations by year
- 2026: 74 · 2025: 135 · 2024: 114 · 2023: 96 · 2022: 114 · 2021: 94 · 2020: 96 · 2019: 70 · 2018: 62 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 10
- FWCI
- 3.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Sleep Medicine Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- NIH (MH019986, HL082610, NIH K23, HL118318, MH024652, AG020677, HL104607)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Keywords
- sleep hygiene, sleep promotion, public health, sleep hygiene education, physical activity, stress management, sleep timing, caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, daytime napping, noise, non-clinical population
- MeSH terms
- Health Promotion, Humans, Public Health, Sleep, Dyssomnias, Sleep Medicine Specialty
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