The DOI matches its Crossref record; 71 of the 73 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Attrition from self-directed interventions: Investigating the relationship between psychological predictors, intervention content and dropout from a body dissatisfaction intervention
Abstract
The aims of this study were to (a) identify the predictors of attrition from a fully self-directed intervention, and (b) to test whether an intervention to increase gratitude is an effective way to reduce body dissatisfaction. Participants (N=479, from the United Kingdom) aged 18-76 years took part in a self-help study via the Internet and were randomized to receive one of two interventions, gratitude diaries (n=130), or thought monitoring and restructuring (n=118) or a waitlist control (n=231) for a two week body dissatisfaction intervention. The gratitude intervention (n=40) was as effective as monitoring and restructuring (n=22) in reducing body dissatisfaction, and both interventions were significantly more effective than the control condition (n=120). Participants in the gratitude group were more than twice as likely to complete the intervention compared to those in the monitoring and restructuring group. Intervention content, baseline expectancy and internal locus of control significantly predicted attrition. This study shows that a gratitude intervention can be as effective as a technique commonly used in cognitive therapy and is superior in retaining participants. Prediction of attrition is possible from both intervention content and psychological variables.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In a study of an online body dissatisfaction intervention, participants who completed a gratitude diary were twice as likely to complete the intervention compared with a thought-monitoring and cognitive-restructuring group [31].”
From Disseminating Self-Help: Positive Psychology Exercises in an Online Trial (2012) · cites this paper as [31]
Citations
Cites
Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
Muller, K. E., & Cohen, J. (1989) · Technometrics · doi:10.2307/1270020 · Cited by 99,603
Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences
Cohen, J. (1990) · Computers Environment and Urban Systems · doi:10.1016/0198-9715(90)90050-4 · Cited by 65,417
Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.).
Lachenbruch, P. A., & Cohen, J. (1989) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2290095 · Cited by 37,421
Jacobson, N. S., & Truax, P. (1991) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.59.1.12 · Cited by 7,770
Emmons, R. A., & McCullough, M. E. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.84.2.377 · Cited by 3,826 · cited 3×
“Given the benefits of being grateful, interventions have been developed to increase well-being through fostering gratitude (Emmons & McCullough, 2003).”
BackgroundInfluentialDevelopment of the multidimensional health locus of control (MHLC) scales
Wallston, K. A., Strudler Wallston, B., & DeVellis, R. (1978) · Health Education Monographs · doi:10.1177/109019817800600107 · Cited by 3,373
Eysenbach, G. (2005) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.7.1.e11 · Cited by 2,524
Body image: a handbook of theory, research, and clinical practice
(2003) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.40-3703 · Cited by 1,834
The Great Psychotherapy Debate: Models Methods and Findings
Horvath, A. O. (2002) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1093/ptr/12.1.108 · Cited by 1,705
Role of body dissatisfaction in the onset and maintenance of eating pathology
Stice, E. M., & Shaw, H. E. (2002) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(02)00488-9 · Cited by 1,633
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 73 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–240 of 240
Dunaev, J., & Markey, C. H. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108297653.009
Auné, S. E., Abal, F. J. P., & Attorresi, H. F. (2020) · Revista de Psicología (Trujillo) · doi:10.18050/revpsi.v21i1.2669
Pourquoi c’est bon de dire merci
Hartmann, C. (2021) · Cerveau & Psycho · doi:10.3917/cerpsy.128.0078
Reinwand, D. A. (2016) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20161221dr
(2020) · Wydawnictwo Liberi Libri eBooks · doi:10.47943/lib.9788363487423.rozdzial00
Nowicki, J., & Murray, M. T. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-43044-9.00007-8
(2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780197548523.002.0006
Craske, M. G., Dour, H. J., Treanor, M., & Meuret, A. E. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780197548523.003.0005
Craske, M. G., Dour, H. J., Treanor, M., & Meuret, A. E. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780197548523.005.0001
Continuing the Journey After Treatment
Craske, M. G., Dour, H. J., Treanor, M., & Meuret, A. E. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780197548523.003.0008
Craske, M. G., Dour, H. J., Treanor, M., & Meuret, A. E. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780197548523.003.0004
Craske, M. G., Dour, H. J., Treanor, M., & Meuret, A. E. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780197548523.005.0002
(2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780197548523.002.0004
Craske, M. G., Dour, H. J., Treanor, M., & Meuret, A. E. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780197548523.003.0006
Introductory Information for Therapists
Craske, M. G., Dour, H. J., Treanor, M., & Meuret, A. E. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780197548523.003.0001
Behavioral Science and Neuroscience Identify Targets for Treatment of Anhedonia
Craske, M. G., Dour, H. J., Treanor, M., & Meuret, A. E. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780197548523.003.0002
General Treatment Format and Guiding Therapy Principles
Craske, M. G., Dour, H. J., Treanor, M., & Meuret, A. E. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780197548523.003.0003
(2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780197548523.002.0007
Craske, M. G., Dour, H. J., Treanor, M., & Meuret, A. E. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780197548523.003.0007
Engaging Dispositional Forgiveness: A Structure for Consistent Forgiveness Praxis
Githuthu, F. W., & Gicheru, E. N. (2022) · Journal of Pastoral Care & Counseling Advancing theory and professional practice through scholarly and reflective publications · doi:10.1177/15423050221119100
“…to welcome, allow, absolve, or treat transgressions as acceptable, but instead to deal with an individual’s one’s own emotions of anger or unpleasantness and show compassion to a wrongdoer, notwithstanding the wrongdoer’s surrendering of the moral right to such kindness (Geraghty et al., 2010).”
BackgroundDoss, M. L., & Soosai-Nathan, L. (2023) · EPRA International Journal of Research & Development (IJRD) · doi:10.36713/epra12631
Paradigmenwechsel: Von der Theorie der Desengagement zur positiven Alterungsmodelle
Crăciun, I. C. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-44679-5_2
Wood, A. M. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-17299-1_3313
Self-citationHernández, J. M. (2024) · Revista de Psicología Clínica con Niños y Adolescentes · doi:10.21134/rpcna.2024.11.1.6
The Catalyst Model of Change: Gratitude Interventions with Positive Long-Term EffectsPreprint
Wong, Y. J. (2024) · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/s8n3q
Li, E., Cheng, W., Yuan, H., Chen, H., & Gao, X. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4782264
Body Image and Eating Behaviour in Adolescents Loving Korean Wave Culture
Santanu, A. M., Kumalasari, I., Astuti, W., & Rosydiana, A. (2024) · International Journal of Disabilities Sports & Health Sciences · doi:10.33438/ijdshs.1505732
Craske, M. G., Dour, H. J., Treanor, M., & Meuret, A. E. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780197548523.005.0003
Gaol, G. L., Ranimpi, Y. Y., & Prayitno, I. S. P. (2024) · INSPIRA Indonesian Journal of Psychological Research · doi:10.32505/inspira.v5i2.10225
“As well as gratitude, according to Adam W.A. Geraghty, Wood, and Hyland (2010), expressions of gratitude can provide strength and raise higher positive levels.”
Husain, W., & Anjum, Z. (2025) · Applied Psychology for Health Promotion · doi:10.5812/aphp-145113
Lin, S., Shen, S., Ivčević, Z., Cheng, D. R., Probasco, R., Silbermann, B., Zhang, F., Lin, X., & Brackett, M. A. (2025) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105579 · Cited by 1
Toh, S. H. Y., Horberg, L., Kosasih, F. R., Sündermann, O., & O’Keefe, P. A. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-7458404/v1
Patient-targeted smartphone applications for pain management: A review of brazilian app markets
Favrat, C. M. N., Fernandez, J., Nogueira, L. A. C., Meziat‐Filho, N., & dos Reis, F. J. J. (2025) · Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101262
Gratitude Heals: State Gratitude Weakens the Objectification-Social Pain Link
Qiu, J., Shi, J., & Chen, Z. (2025) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs15111452 · Cited by 1
“Indeed, previous studies have shown that due to its positive valence nature, gratitude can resist multiple undesirable feelings (Emmons & McCullough, 2003; Geraghty et al., 2010; Watkins et al., 2003).”
Hao, Y., Song, H., Zhao, Y., & Kong, F. (2025) · Psychology Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2025.2569110
ÖZSOYLAR, Ö., & Türker, M. V. (2020) · DergiPark (Istanbul University)
Lau, N., Zhou, C., Hong, S. J., Aalfs, H., Higgins, S., Badillo, I., McCauley, E., Ketterl, T. G., Chow, E. J., Fann, J. R., et al. (2026) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/82665 · Cited by 1
“Background literature suggests that positive psychological interventions involving gratitude and savoring activities increase treatment adherence [29,30] and have demonstrated efficacy and effectiveness of these interventions in systematic reviews [31-34].”
Effectiveness of Gratitude on Female Psychological Well-Being in China: A Randomized Experiment
Wang, R.-K., & Yin, M. X. C. (2026) · Research on Social Work Practice · doi:10.1177/10497315261466591
Çolak, T. S., & YILDIRIM, M. (2026) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-026-09801-3
“Among these factors, gratitude has consistently been identified as an important correlate of life satisfaction and well-being (Geraghty et al., 2010).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Geraghty, A. W. A., Wood, A. M., & Hyland, M. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Southampton (GB)
- University of Manchester (GB)
- University of Plymouth (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Geraghty, Adam W.A.
- Venue
- Social Science & Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-07
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 30-37
- ISSN
- 0277-9536 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2150861271
- Cited by
- 241
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 9.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Social Science & Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Stirling Online Research Repository (University of Stirling) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Keywords
- attrition, dropout, self-guided intervention, body dissatisfaction, gratitude interventions, cognitive restructuring, online self-help, intervention content, locus of control, expectancy, participant retention, predictors of attrition
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Body Image, Female, Humans, Internal-External Control, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Dropouts, Personal Satisfaction, Psychotherapy, Self-Help Groups, Treatment Outcome, Internet, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
