Data requirements and availabilities for material passports: A digitally enabled framework for improving the circularity of existing buildings
Open accessAbstract
Passports for circularity, e.g., digital product passports and material passports (MPs), have gained recognition as essential policy instruments for the Circular Economy goals of the European Union. Despite the growing number of approaches, there is a lack of knowledge about the data requirements and availabilities to create MPs for existing buildings. By deploying a mixed-method research design, this study identified the potential users and their data needs within the context of European social housing organisations. Three rounds of validation interviews with a total of 38 participants were conducted to create a data template for an MP covering maintenance, renovation, and demolition stages. This data template was then tested in a case study from the Netherlands to determine critical data gaps in creating MPs, including, but not limited to the composition of materials, presence of toxic or hazardous contents, condition assessment, and reuse and recycling potential of a product. Finally, an MP framework is proposed to address these data gaps by utilising the capabilities of enabling digital technologies (e.g., artificial intelligence and scanning systems) and supportive knowledge of human actors. This framework supports further research and innovation in data provision in creating MPs to narrow, slow, close, and regenerate the loops.
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The study on data requirements for MPs by Cetin et al. (2023) highlights data gaps during maintenance, renovation, and demolition phases.
“The study on data requirements for MPs by Cetin et al. (2023) highlights data gaps during maintenance, renovation, and demolition phases.”
From Digital material passports in the AEC industry: a scoping review and conceptualisation of future research challenges (2025) · cites this paper as Cetin et al. (2023)
The study on data requirements by Çetin et al. (2023) identified multiple data providers and data requesters including those with significant participation in maintenance, renovation, and demolition, more notably architects, consultants, engineers, and project managers.
“The study on data requirements by Çetin et al. (2023) identified multiple data providers and data requesters including those with significant participation in maintenance, renovation, and demolition, more notably architects, consultants, engineers, and project managers.”
From Digital material passports in the AEC industry: a scoping review and conceptualisation of future research challenges (2025) · cites this paper as Çetin et al. (2023)
The review found that artificial intelligence applications have been suggested to facilitate the automation of some tasks, such as extracting and analysing relevant data to meet the needs of specific stakeholders on 'planning, analysis and optimisation processes'.
“Additionally, artificial intelligence applications have been suggested to facilitate the automation of some tasks, such as extracting and analysing relevant data to meet the needs of specific stakeholders (Çetin et al., 2023) on 'planning, analysis and optimisation processes' (Kovacic & Honic, 2021).”
From Digital material passports in the AEC industry: a scoping review and conceptualisation of future research challenges (2025) · cites this paper as Çetin et al., 2023
Cites
Digitizing material passport for sustainable construction projects using BIM
Atta, I., Bakhoum, E. S., & Marzouk, M. M. (2021) · Journal of Building Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103233 · Cited by 165 · cited 4× · see citing works
“An interesting finding is that “ design optimisation ” was not considered a relevant feature by the respondents for the existing housing stock, as it was mainly considered at the design stage in the previous research (Atta et al., 2021; Honic et al., 2019a).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialMaterials Passports: Optimising value recovery from materials
Luscuere, L. M. (2017) · Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Waste and Resource Management · doi:10.1680/jwarm.16.00016 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
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Zhang, A., & Seuring, S. (2024) · International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications · doi:10.1080/13675567.2024.2374256 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Costa, A. R., Hoolahan, R., & Charef, R. (2025) · npj Materials Sustainability · doi:10.1038/s44296-025-00079-3 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Veliz Reyes, A., Olmez, D., Grout, J., & Carr, A. (2025) · Architectural Engineering and Design Management · doi:10.1080/17452007.2025.2579731 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“Industrial contexts include social and industri-alised housing (Çetin, 2023; Çetin et al., 2023; Keena et al., 2023), road renovations (Entrop, 2021; van der Zande, 2022), or demolition and waste management (Honic et al., 2021; Wu et al., 2023), and specific materials such as steel (Hradil,…”
Materials passports facilitate circularity in the construction industry
Costa, A. R. (2025) · Nature Reviews Materials · doi:10.1038/s41578-025-00842-x · Cited by 6 · see citing works
van Zandwijk, K., Donkers, A., Alkemade, F., Petrova, E., & Pauwels, P. (2026) · Technology in Society · doi:10.1016/j.techsoc.2026.103496 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
- Authors
- Çetin, S., Raghu, D., Honic, M., Straub, A., & Gruis, V.
- Affiliations
- Delft University of Technology (NL)
- ETH Zurich (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Çetin, Sultan
- Venue
- Sustainable Production and Consumption
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2023-09
- Volume
- 40
- Pages
- 422-437
- ISSN
- 2352-5509 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4384408437
- Cited by
- 147
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 58 · 2025: 52 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 7
- FWCI
- 17.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Sustainable Production and Consumption (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Research Repository (Delft University of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- ETH Zürich Research Collection
- Funders
- Interreg
- TU Delft (NWE 760)
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (21-2 FEL-06)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Sustainable Building Design and Assessment
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Sustainable Supply Chain Management
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › BIM and Construction Integration
- Keywords
- material passports, digital product passport, circular economy, existing buildings, data requirements, data gaps, social housing, building renovation, demolition, material composition, hazardous substances, condition assessment, recycling and reuse, digital technologies
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