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Cited by 292Remote Sensing in AgricultureCalibration and Measurement TechniquesSatellite Image Processing and Photogrammetry

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The 50-year Landsat collection 2 archive

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Crawford, Christopher J., Roy, David P., Arab, Saeed, Barnes, Christopher, Vermote, Eric, Hulley, Glynn, Gerace, Aaron, Choate, Mike, Engebretson, Christopher, Micijevic, Esad, Schmidt, Gail, Anderson, Cody, Anderson, Martha, Bouchard, Michelle, Cook, Bruce, Dittmeier, Ray, Howard, Danny, Jenkerson, Calli, Kim, Minsu, Kleyians, Tania, Maiersperger, Thomas, Mueller, Chase, Neigh, Christopher, Owen, Linda, Page, Benjamin, Pahlevan, Nima, Rengarajan, Rajagopalan, Roger, Jean-Claude, Sayler, Kristi, Scaramuzza, Pat, Skakun, Sergii, Yan, Lin, Zhang, Hankui K., Zhu, Zhe, Zahn, Steve·2023·Science of Remote Sensing
DOI 10.1016/j.srs.2023.100103
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Abstract

The Landsat global consolidated data archive now exceeds 50 years. In recognition of the need for consistently processed data across the Landsat satellite series, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) initiated collection-based processing of the entire archive that was processed as Collection 1 in 2016. In preparation for the data from the now successfully launched Landsat 9, the USGS reprocessed the Landsat archive as Collection 2 in 2020. This paper describes the rationale for, and the contents and advancements provided by Collection 2, and highlights the differences between the Collection 1 and Collection 2 products. Notably, the Collection 2 products have improved geolocation and, for the first time, the USGS provides a global inventory of Level 2 surface reflectance and surface temperature products. Also for the first time, the USGS used a commercial cloud computing architecture via Amazon Web Services (AWS) to efficiently process the archive and enable direct cloud access of the Landsat products. The paper concludes with discussion of likely improvements expected in Collection 3 in preparation for the Landsat Next mission that is planned for launch in the early 2030s.

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Authors
Crawford, C. J., Roy, D. P., Arab, S., Barnes, C., Vermote, E., Hulley, G., Gerace, A., Choate, M., Engebretson, C., Micijevic, E., Schmidt, G., Anderson, C., Anderson, M., Bouchard, M., Cook, B., Dittmeier, R., Howard, D., Jenkerson, C., Kim, M., Kleyians, T., Maiersperger, T., Mueller, C., Neigh, C., Owen, L., Page, B., Pahlevan, N., Rengarajan, R., Roger, J.-C., Sayler, K., Scaramuzza, P., Skakun, S., Yan, L., Zhang, H. K., Zhu, Z., & Zahn, S.
Affiliations
  • United States Geological Survey (US)
  • Michigan State University (US)
  • Goddard Space Flight Center (US)
  • California Institute of Technology (US)
  • Rochester Institute of Technology (US)
  • Agricultural Research Service (US)
  • University of Maryland, College Park (US)
  • South Dakota State University (US)
  • University of Connecticut (US)
Corresponding author
Crawford, Christopher J.
ORCID
Venue
Science of Remote Sensing
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2023-12
Volume
8
Pages
100103
ISSN
2666-0172 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.srs.2023.100103
OpenAlex
W4386840203
Cited by
292
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 92 · 2025: 114 · 2024: 83 · 2023: 3
FWCI
47.23
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Science of Remote Sensing (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • HAL (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • National Aeronautics and Space Administration (140G0121D001)
  • U.S. Geological Survey
  • Michigan State University (G12PC00069)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Remote Sensing in Agriculture
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Calibration and Measurement Techniques
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Satellite Image Processing and Photogrammetry
Keywords
Landsat Collection 2, Landsat 9, cloud computing, Amazon Web Services, satellite data archive

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