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Cited by 119Geological and Tectonic Studies in Latin AmericaGeological and Geochemical AnalysisGeological and Geophysical Studies Worldwide

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 51 of the 51 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Thermochronology of allochthonous terranes in Ecuador: Unravelling the accretionary and post-accretionary history of the Northern Andes

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Spikings, R.A., Winkler, W., Hughes, R.A., Handler, R.·2005·Tectonophysics
DOI 10.1016/j.tecto.2004.12.023
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Abstract

The western cordilleras of the Northern Andes (north of 5°S) are constructed from allochthonous terranes floored by oceanic crust. We present 40Ar/39Ar and fission-track data from the Cordillera Occidental and Amotape Complex of Ecuador that probably constrain the time of terrane collision and post-accretionary tectonism in the western Andes. The data record cooling rates of 80–2 °C/my from temperatures of ∼540 °C, during 85 to 60 Ma, in a highly tectonised mélange (Pujilí unit) at the continent–ocean suture and in the northern Amotape Complex. The rates were highest during 85–80 Ma and decelerated towards 60 Ma. Cooling was a consequence of exhumation of the continental margin, which probably occurred in response to the accretion of the presently juxtaposing Pallatanga Terrane. The northern Amotape Complex and the Pujilí unit may have formed part of a single, regional scale, tectonic mélange that started to develop at ~85 Ma, part of which currently comprises the basement of the Interandean Depression. Cooling and rotation in the allochthonous, continental, Amotape Complex and along parts of the continent–ocean suture during 43–29 Ma, record the second accretionary phase, during which the Macuchi Island Arc system collided with the Pallatanga Terrane. Distinct periods of regional scale cooling in the Cordillera Occidental at ∼13 and ∼9 Ma were synchronous with exhumation in the Cordillera Real and were probably driven by the collision of the Carnegie Ridge with the Ecuador Trench. Finally, late Miocene–Pliocene reactivation of the Chimbo–Toachi Shear Zone was coincident with the formation of the oldest basins in the Interandean Depression and probably formed part of a transcurrent or thrust system that was responsible for the inception and subsequent growth of the valley since ∼6 Ma.

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Research works printed but not linked: 5

  1. Aspden, 1995, The El Oro metamorphic complex, Ecuador: geology and economic mineral deposits, vol. 67
  2. Bourgois, 1990, Evolution géodynamique de la Cordillere Occidentale des Andes d'Equateur: la découverte de la formation Eocene d'Apagua, C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, 311, 173
  3. Ego, 1996, The Ecuadorian Interandean Depression: a major and complex restraining bend and compressive graben since late Miocene time, Ann. Tecton., 31
  4. Faucher, 1971, Sedimentary formations in Ecuador. A stratigraphic and micropalaentological survey, Bur. Ètud. Ind. Coop. Inst. Fr. Pét., 3
  5. Litherland, 1994, The metamorphic belts of Ecuador, Overseas Mem.-Br. Geol. Surv., 11

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Authors
Spikings, R. A., Winkler, W., Hughes, R. A., & Handler, R.
Affiliations
  • University of Geneva (CH)
  • Geological Institute (CH)
  • British Geological Survey (GB)
  • University of Salzburg (AT)
Corresponding author
Spikings, R.A.
ORCID
Venue
Tectonophysics
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2005-04
Volume
399
Issue
1-4
Pages
195-220
ISSN
0040-1951 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.tecto.2004.12.023
OpenAlex
W2139665378
Cited by
112
References
51
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 8 · 2012: 5
FWCI
4.03
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Tectonophysics (publishedVersion)
  • Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • NERC Open Research Archive (Natural Environment Research Council) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geological and Tectonic Studies in Latin America
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geological and Geophysical Studies Worldwide
Keywords
allochthonous terranes, northern Andes, terrane accretion, 40Ar/39Ar geochronology, fission track thermochronology, exhumation, mélange, Carnegie Ridge, Cordillera Occidental, cooling rate, tectonic rotation

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