Starvation, Stress Resistance, and Cancer
Open accessAbstract
Cancer cells are characterized by dysregulation in signal transduction and metabolic pathways leading to increased glucose uptake, altered mitochondrial function, and the evasion of antigrowth signals. Fasting and fasting-mimicking diets (FMDs) provide a particularly promising intervention to promote differential effects in normal and malignant cells. These effects are caused in part by the reduction in IGF-1, insulin, and glucose and the increase in IGFBP1 and ketone bodies, which generate conditions that force cancer cells to rely more on metabolites and factors that are limited in the blood, thus resulting in cell death. Here we discuss the cellular and animal experiments demonstrating the differential effects of fasting on normal and cancer cells and the mechanisms responsible for these effects.
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Fasting is thought to work at least in part through the inhibition of insulin/IGF-1/mTORC1 signaling.
“On the molecular level, fasting is not well understood but based on the data from studies on fasting-mediated longevity and stress resistance, it is thought to work at least in part through the inhibition of insulin/IGF-1/mTORC1 signaling15–18.”
From RETRACTED ARTICLE: Fasting inhibits aerobic glycolysis and proliferation in colorectal cancer via the Fdft1-mediated AKT/mTOR/HIF1α pathway suppression (2020) · cites this paper as [16]
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References 99 · Cited by 162
- Authors
- Buono, R., & Longo, V. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- Corresponding author
- Longo, Valter D.
- Venue
- Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-04
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 271-280
- ISSN
- 1043-2760 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7477630
- OpenAlex
- W2788589305
- Cited by
- 162
- References
- 99
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 8
- FWCI
- 1.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (P01AG034906, P01AG055369)
- National Cancer Institute (P30CA014089)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
- Keywords
- fasting, fasting-mimicking diet, cancer, starvation, stress tolerance, insulin-like growth factor I, insulin, IGFBP-1, ketone bodies, glucose metabolism, mitochondrial function, cancer metabolism
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Diet, Fasting, Glucose, Humans, Insulin, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Neoplasms, Starvation, Stress, Physiological
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