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T2 Family ribonucleases: ancient enzymes with diverse roles

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Luhtala, Natalie, Parker, Roy·2010·Trends in Biochemical Sciences
DOI 10.1016/j.tibs.2010.02.002PMC PMC2888479
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Abstract

Ribonucleases of the T2 family are found in the genomes of protozoans, plants, bacteria, animals and viruses. A broad range of biological roles for these ribonucleases have been suggested, including scavenging of nucleic acids, degradation of self-RNA, serving as extra- or intracellular cytotoxins, and modulating host immune responses. Recently, RNaseT2 family members have been implicated in human pathologies such as cancer and parasitic diseases. Interestingly, certain functions of RNaseT2 family members are independent of their nuclease activity, suggesting that these proteins have additional functions. Moreover, humans lacking RNASET2 manifest a defect in neurological development, perhaps due to aberrant control of the immune system. We review the basic structure and function of RNaseT2 family members and their biological roles.

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  • Some T2 ribonucleases, for instance Erns from pestiviruses, can be secreted for degradation of RNA in extracellular spaces or in target cells.

    “However, some T2 ribonucleases (for instance Erns from pestiviruses) can also be secreted (Luhtala and Parker, 2010), for degradation of RNA in extracellular spaces or in target cells”

    From Modulation of Host Immunity by Helminths: The Expanding Repertoire of Parasite Effector Molecules (2018) · cites this paper as Luhtala and Parker, 2010

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Metadata

Authors
Luhtala, N., & Parker, R.
Affiliations
  • University of Arizona (US)
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
Corresponding author
Parker, Roy
ORCID
Venue
Trends in Biochemical Sciences
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2010-05
Volume
35
Issue
5
Pages
253-259
ISSN
0968-0004 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.tibs.2010.02.002
PMC
PMC2888479
OpenAlex
W2072667721
Cited by
247
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 14 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 12
FWCI
1.01
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Trends in Biochemical Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Cancer Institute (T32CA009213, P30CA023074)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R37GM045443)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA regulation and disease
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Biochemical and Molecular Research
Keywords
RNASET2, RNA degradation, cytotoxin, immunomodulation, cancer, parasitic infection, brain development, protein structure-function relationship
MeSH terms
Animals, Bacteria, Endoribonucleases, Humans, Neoplasms, Plants, Proteins, Ribonucleases, Viruses, Genome

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