Fully automated vehicles: A cost of ownership analysis to inform early adoption
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Commercial operations like taxi, bus and freight service can benefit from automation through the postponement of driver costs.
“Commercial operations like taxi, bus and freight service can benefit from automation through the postponement of driver costs (Wadud, 2017).”
From Understanding autonomous vehicles: A systematic literature review on capability, impact, planning and policy (2019) · cites this paper as Wadud, 2017
The Abstract (p. 3) and Results (section 4.2, p. 13) say automation can substantially reduce driver costs for taxis and freight vehicles, lowering their total cost of ownership. The paper does not establish the same benefit for buses, and it describes a reduction in driver costs rather than their postponement (searched for bus). (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAVs are expected to be operational both as private and as commercial vehicles.
“AVs are expected to be operational both as private and as commercial vehicle (Heinrichs, 2016; Collingwood, 2017; Wadud, 2017).”
From Understanding autonomous vehicles: A systematic literature review on capability, impact, planning and policy (2019) · cites this paper as Wadud, 2017
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References 20 · Cited by 206
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Department for Transport 2015c [online]. WebTAG: TAG data book, available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/webtag-tag-data-bookdecember-2015; accessed: April Department for Transport 2016. Taxis and private hire vehicles in England 2015, available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment\_data/file/456733/taxiprivate-hire-vehicles-statistics-2015.pdf, accessed: August European Transport Safety Council, 2016. Prioritising the safety potential of automated driving in Europe, available at: http://etsc.eu/wpcontent/uploads/2016\_automated\_driving\_briefing\_final.pdf Fagnant, D., Kockelman, K.M., 2014. The travel and environmental implications of shared autonomous vehicles, using agent-based model scenarios, Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 40, 1-13 Fagnant, D.L., Kockelman, K., 2015. Preparing a nation for autonomous vehicles: opportunities, barriers and policy recommendations, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 77, 167181 Fosgerau, M., 2005. Unit income elasticity of the value of travel time savings, European Transport Conference (ETC), available at: http://abstracts.aetransport.org/paper/download/id/2067 Gartner 2015 [online]. Gartner's 2015 hype cycle for emerging technologies identifies the computing innovations that organizations should monitor, available at: http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/3114217, accessed May 2016 Guildford Borough Council 2016 [online]. Hackney carriage (taxi) table of fares methodology 201213; available at: https://www.guildford.gov.uk/media/13191/Appendix-3-to-agenda-item-6Methodologypdf/pdf/pdf15.pdf; accessed: July Hackbath, A., Madlener, R., 2013. Consumer preferences for alternative fuels vehicles: A discrete choice analysis, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 25, 5-17 Holder, J., 2015 [online]. Depreciation - what is it and how do I avoid it? Available at: http://www.whatcar.com/advice/buying/depreciation-what-is-it-and-how-do-i-avoid-it/, accessed: July 2016 Ian Wallis Associates Ltd., 2014. Car passenger valuations of quantity and quality of time savings. NZ Transport Agency research report 551. Wellington, New Zealand. Insure Taxi 2016 [online]. Taxi driver survey 2013; available at: https://www.insuretaxi.com/taxidriver-survey-2013/; accessed: July Jamson, S., 2016. Can technology support eco-driving? Mobility and Energy Future Series, Energy Leeds, available at: http://www.its.leeds.ac.uk/fileadmin/documents/research/Job\_34613\_Transport\_eco\_booklet.pdf KPMG 2015. Connected and autonomous vehicles - The UK economics opportunity, available at: http://www.smmt.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/CRT036586F-Connected-and-AutonomousVehicles-%E2%80%93-The-UK-Economic-Opportu...1.pdf
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- Authors
- Wadud, Z.
- Affiliations
- University of Leeds (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Wadud, Zia
- ORCID
- Wadud, Zia
- Venue
- Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-07
- Volume
- 101
- Pages
- 163-176
- ISSN
- 0965-8564 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2612233052
- Cited by
- 206
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 4
- FWCI
- 13.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Transportation Research Part A Policy and Practice (publishedVersion)
- White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Essex
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Transportation and Mobility Innovations
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Human-Automation Interaction and Safety
- Keywords
- fully automated vehicles, autonomous vehicles, total cost of ownership, technology adoption, commercial vehicles, taxi services, freight transport, private vehicles, household income, driver costs, value of time, autonomous driving
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