Control without separate controls: evaluation of vaccine safety using case-only methods
Abstract
Epidemiological methods involving only cases are reviewed in the context of vaccine safety studies. These methods include some ecological methods, case-coverage methods, case-crossover and self-controlled case series methods. The properties of the methods are described using examples from the literature. It is argued that such methods, and in particular the self-controlled case series method, are powerful epidemiologic tools meriting the same attention as more traditional cohort and case-control methods.
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The review used a classification and methodological quality checklist for case-only design studies, developed by CP Farrington and TO Jefferson and adapted from Farrington 2004.
“We used a classification and methodological quality checklist (unpublished) for case-only design studies, especially developed by CP Farrington and TO Jefferson and adapted from a paper by CP Farrington (Farrington 2004).”
From Vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella in children (2012) · cites this paper as Farrington 2004
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References 23 · Cited by 128
- Authors
- Farrington, C. P.
- Venue
- Vaccine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-05
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 15-16
- Pages
- 2064-2070
- ISSN
- 0264-410X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2115739016
- Cited by
- 128
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 9.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Vaccine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Open Research Online (The Open University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Epidemiology
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- Keywords
- vaccine safety, self-controlled case series, case-crossover, ecological methods, vaccine adverse events
- MeSH terms
- Ecology, Epidemiologic Methods, Follow-Up Studies, Health Promotion, Humans, Immunization Schedule, Research Design, Vaccines, Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine, Case-Control Studies, Immunization Programs, Cross-Over Studies
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