The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effects of chemical pretreatments on microplastic extraction in sewage sludge and their physicochemical characteristics
Abstract
Sewage sludge is a primary pathway for microplastics (MPs) entering into terrestrial ecosystems. However, a standardized method to analyze MP in sludge is lacking due to its high organic matter. This study investigated the extraction efficiency of six MPs in five solid matrices, i.e. sewage sludge, cattle manure, soil, sediment and silicon dioxide. Results show lower extraction efficiency of 87.2% for MPs in sludge compared with that in other matrices, especially polyethylene terephthalate (PET) (only 27.8%). The possible reason was that the presence of extracellular polymeric substances within the sludge hinders the MPs to float. Therefore, five protocols, i.e. hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), Fenton, nitric acid (HNO3), hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were used to pretreat the sludge and optimize the MP extraction. The sludge pretreated by H2O2, Fenton and 1 M of acids had higher MP extraction efficiency than the raw sludge due to higher extraction of the PET. The MP extraction efficiency in the sludge first increased, and subsequently decreased with the soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) content, implying that moderate dissolution of sludge organic matter is beneficial to the MP extraction. Quantitative analysis of the changes in the MP physicochemical characteristics after the pretreatments indicated that polyamide (PA) and PET are not resistant to acid and alkali treatment, respectively. Principal component analysis shows that the effect of pretreatments on the MPs follows a decreasing sequence: alkali > high concentration of acids > low concentration of acids > H2O2 and Fenton. Additionally, the susceptibility of the MPs to the pretreatments follows a decreasing sequence: PET, PA and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) > polystyrene (PS) > polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP). The findings supply novel insights into the effect of chemical pretreatments on MP extraction in sewage sludge.
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Cites
Transport and release of chemicals from plastics to the environment and to wildlife
Teuten, E. L., Saquing, J. M., Knappe, D. R. U., Barlaz, M. A., Jonsson, S., Björn, A., Rowland, S. J., Thompson, R. C., Galloway, T. S., Yamashita, R., et al. (2009) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2008.0284 · Cited by 2,938
Pathways for degradation of plastic polymers floating in the marine environment
Gewert, B., Plassmann, M. M., & MacLeod, M. (2015) · Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts · doi:10.1039/c5em00207a · Cited by 2,168
Song, Y. K., Hong, S. H., Jang, M., Han, G. M., Jung, S. W., & Shim, W. J. (2017) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.6b06155 · Cited by 1,568
Interactions between microplastics and phytoplankton aggregates: Impact on their respective fates
Long, M., Moriceau, B., Gallinari, M., Lambert, C., Huvet, A., Raffray, J., & Soudant, P. (2015) · Marine Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2015.04.003 · Cited by 711
Microplastics Alter the Properties and Sinking Rates of Zooplankton Faecal Pellets
Cole, M., Lindeque, P. K., Fileman, E., Clark, J., Lewis, C., Halsband, C., & Galloway, T. S. (2016) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b05905 · Cited by 683
Cited by
Cai, Z., Li, M., Zhu, Z., Wang, X., Huang, Y., Li, T., Gong, H., & Yan, M. (2023) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms11071661 · Cited by 452
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Metadata
- Authors
- Li, X., Chen, L., Ji, Y., Li, M., Dong, B., Qian, G., Zhou, J., & Dai, X.
- Venue
- Water Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-03
- Volume
- 171
- Pages
- 115379
- ISSN
- 0043-1354 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2994078132
- Cited by
- 172
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 4.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Li, X., Chen, L., Ji, Y., Li, M., Dong, B., Qian, G., Zhou, J., & Dai, X. (2020). Effects of chemical pretreatments on microplastic extraction in sewage sludge and their physicochemical characteristics. Water Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.115379
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