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Cited by 40Air Quality and Health ImpactsDementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchIndoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure

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Associations of particulate matter with dementia and mild cognitive impairment in China: A multicenter cross-sectional study

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Tan, Jiping, Li, Nan, Wang, Xiaoxiao, Chen, Gongbo, Yan, Lailai, Wang, Luning, Zhao, Yiming, Li, Shanshan, Guo, Yuming·2021·The Innovation
DOI 10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100147PMC PMC8454741
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Abstract

Ambient air pollution has been shown to be associated with the pathogenesis of dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, few studies have examined these associations in well-characterized populations with low residential mobility, similar living habits, and a standardized assessment of both air pollution exposure and clinical outcome. This study examined the associations of long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution with dementia and MCI, using data from the Chinese Veteran Clinical Research Platform. The cognitive function of elderly veterans from 277 communities in 18 Chinese cities was examined. Participants' daily exposures to aerodynamic diameters ≤2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ) and ≤10 μm (PM 10 ) during the 3 years prior to the survey were estimated using a satellite-based prediction. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals of MCI associated with each 10 μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 and PM 10 were 1.52 (1.39, 1.67) and 1.04 (1.00, 1.08), and those of dementia associated with PM 2.5 and PM 10 were 1.27 (1.11, 1.46) and 1.13 (1.05, 1.21), respectively. This demonstrates that long-term exposure to PM 2.5 and PM 10 can increase the prevalence of dementia/MCI among veterans in China. Higher ORs were observed for those with ≤9 years of educational attainment, those who actively attended physical activities, those who never smoked, former drinkers, and those who did not suffer from cerebral infarction. Improvement of ambient air quality, especially decreasing levels of PM 2.5 , may help to decrease the risk of dementia/MCI. Given the statistically significant association between PM and cognitive impairment demonstrated here, future studies should focus on examining the causal effect of PM pollution on dementia and MCI.

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  • PM2.5 and PM10 levels are associated with dementia, MCI, and AD in both HICs and LMICs.

    “In both HICs and LMICs, where air pollution levels are often high and increasing, PM2.5 and PM10 levels have also been associated with dementia, MCI, and AD.(232-235)”

    From Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission (2024) · cites this paper as [232]

    The Results section reports associations of both PM2.5 and PM10 with dementia and MCI among elderly veterans in China. It does not report a separate association with Alzheimer disease (AD), and its mention of Western studies concerns traffic pollution and cognitive function rather than these specific pollutant–outcome associations in HICs. The claim therefore extends beyond the populations and outcomes established by this source. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • A pilot RCT of a multidomain intervention including social activities led to general cognitive improvement at 24 weeks (RBANS between-group difference 6.2 points, p=0.004).

    “A subsequent pilot RCT of a multidomain intervention, including social activities through group meetings and additional scheduled monthly social activities, led to general cognitive improvement at 24 weeks despite small numbers (Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status score between group difference 6.2 points (p=0.004). (229)”

    From Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission (2024) · cites this paper as [229]

    The Materials and methods passage describes cognitive screening and assessment in a cross-sectional study, while the Results passages concern particulate-matter exposure and dementia or MCI. Searches for the RBANS result and for a 24-week multidomain pilot RCT found no passage reporting the intervention or the claimed 6.2-point difference (p=0.004). (LLM, conf=0.78)

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Metadata

Authors
Tan, J., Li, N., Wang, X., Chen, G., Yan, L., Wang, L., Zhao, Y., Li, S., & Guo, Y.
Affiliations
  • Chinese PLA General Hospital (CN)
  • Peking University Third Hospital (CN)
  • Sun Yat-sen University (CN)
  • Peking University (CN)
  • Monash University (AU)
Corresponding author
  • Wang, Luning
  • Guo, Yuming
ORCID
Venue
The Innovation
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2021-08
Volume
2
Issue
3
Pages
100147
ISSN
2666-6758 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100147
PMC
PMC8454741
OpenAlex
W3185099256
Cited by
40
References
6
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 1
FWCI
2.68
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • The Innovation (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • General Logistics Department, People's Liberation Army (07BJZ04, 10BJZ19, 11BJZ09, 12BJZ46)
  • National Health and Medical Research Council (APP1109193, APP1163693)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (81701067)
  • National Science and Technology Planning Project (2013BAI09B14)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
Keywords
particulate matter, PM2.5, PM10, dementia, mild cognitive impairment, ambient air pollution, long-term air pollution exposure, older veterans, educational attainment, physical activity, smoking, cerebral infarction, cognitive function, China

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