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Cited by 175Lipid metabolism and biosynthesisCholesterol and Lipid MetabolismCancer, Lipids, and Metabolism

Lipid droplets and steroidogenic cells

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Shen, Wen-Jun, Azhar, Salman, Kraemer, Fredric B.·2016·Experimental Cell Research
DOI 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.11.024PMC PMC4744538
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Abstract

Lipid droplets (LDs) in steroidogenic tissues have a cholesteryl ester (CE) core surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer that is coated with associated proteins. Compared with other tissues, they tend to be smaller in size and more numerous in numbers. These LDs are enriched with PLIN1c, PLIN2 and PLIN3. Both CIDE A and B are found in mouse ovary. Free cholesterol (FC) released upon hormone stimulation from LDs is the preferred source of cholesterol substrate for steroidogenesis, and HSL is the major neutral cholesterol esterase mediating the conversion of CEs to FC. Through the interaction of HSL with vimentin and StAR, FC is translocated to mitochondria for steroid hormone production. Proteomic analyses of LDs isolated from loaded primary ovarian granulosa cells, mouse MLTC-1 Leydig tumor cells and mouse testes revealed LD associated proteins that are actively involved in modulating lipid homeostasis along with a number of steroidogenic enzymes. Microscopy analysis confirmed the localization of many of these proteins to LDs. These studies broaden the role of LDs to include being a platform for functional steroidogenic enzyme activity or as a port for transferring steroidogenic enzymes and/or steroid intermediates, in addition to being a storage depot for CEs.

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Sorted by citations

Authors
Shen, W.-J., Azhar, S., & Kraemer, F. B.
Affiliations
VA Palo Alto Health Care System (US)
Corresponding author
Kraemer, Fredric B.
ORCID
Venue
Experimental Cell Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2016-01
Volume
340
Issue
2
Pages
209-214
ISSN
0014-4827 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.11.024
PMC
PMC4744538
OpenAlex
W2178023527
Cited by
175
References
1
Citations by year
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FWCI
0.79
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Experimental Cell Research (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service
  • National Institutes of Health (2R01HL33881)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
Keywords
lipid droplets, steroidogenesis, cholesterol esters, free cholesterol, PLIN1, PLIN2, PLIN3, hormone-sensitive lipase, stars, vimentin, cholesterol esterification, lipid homeostasis, steroidogenic enzymes, granulosa cells, Leydig cells, testis, ovary, mitochondrial cholesterol transport
MeSH terms
Animals, Cholesterol, Humans, Mitochondria, Steroids, Proteomics, Lipid Metabolism, Lipid Droplets

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