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Spiritual and religious identities predict the use of complementary and alternative medicine among US adults
Open accessAbstract
Objective To determine whether spiritual and religious identities predict complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use above and beyond other known influences such as gender, region of residence, social status, personality, health, and access to conventional medicine. Methods Analyzing data from the 1995-1996 National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (n=3032), this study examines the correlations between four aspects of spirituality/religiousness-i.e., spiritual only, religious only, both spiritual and religious, and neither spiritual nor religious-and six measures of CAM. Results Compared with spiritual only persons, the odds of using energy therapies are 86% lower for spiritual and religious persons, 65% lower for religious only persons, and 52% lower for neither spiritual nor religious persons. Compared to spiritual only persons, spiritual and religious individuals are 43% more likely to use body-mind therapies in general; however, when this category does not contain prayer, meditation, or spiritual healing, they are 44% less likely. Religious only individuals are disinclined toward CAM use. Conclusions After controlling for established predictors including educational attainment, personality, social support, and access to conventional medicine, the present study demonstrates that spirituality and religiousness are associated, in unique ways, with CAM use. Additional research on this topic is clearly warranted.
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The prominence of New Age concepts in the emerging culture of alternative medicine in the 1990s has sparked resistance from conservative religious quarters.
“Third, the prominence of New Age concepts in the emerging culture of alternative medicine in the 1990s has sparked resistance from conservative religious quarters (Ellison et al. 2012), and merits careful scrutiny.”
From New Age Healing: Origins, Definitions, and Implications for Religion and Medicine (2022) · cites this paper as Ellison et al. 2012
The Introduction says CAM practices drawing on New Age belief systems may be denounced and identifies body-mind and energy therapies as targets of condemnation by Christian clergy and religious medical professionals. It does not establish that New Age concepts were prominent in an emerging alternative-medicine culture specifically in the 1990s, or date the resistance to that period. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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Bravo, A. J., Kelley, M. L., Mason, R., Ehlke, S. J., Vinci, C., & Redman, J. C. (2020) · Traumatology · doi:10.1037/trm0000198 · Cited by 52
New Age Healing: Origins, Definitions, and Implications for Religion and Medicine
Levin, J. (2022) · Religions · doi:10.3390/rel13090777 · Cited by 12
Challenges and Criticisms in the Field of Spirituality, Religiousness, and Health
Walach, H., & Kohls, N. (2019) · Religion, Spirituality and Health: A Social Scientific Approach · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-21221-6_3 · Cited by 3
Metadata
- Authors
- Ellison, C. G., Bradshaw, M., & Roberts, C. A.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at San Antonio (US)
- Duke University (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bradshaw, Matt
- Venue
- Preventive Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-01
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 9-12
- ISSN
- 0091-7435 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3770857
- OpenAlex
- W2153135456
- Cited by
- 68
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Preventive Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (2r24hd050924-06)
- National Institute on Aging (5 T32 AG00155, T32AG000155)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R24 HD-050924, 5R24 HD050924)
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Religious studies › Religious Studies and Spiritual Practices
- Keywords
- complementary and alternative medicine, spirituality, religiosity, spiritual identity, religious identity, energy therapy, prayer, meditation, spiritual healing, middle-aged adults, health behavior
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Complementary Therapies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Religion and Medicine, United States, Health Care Surveys, Spirituality
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