The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 26 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Contributing factors to personal protective equipment shortages during the COVID-19 pandemic
Open accessAbstract
This study investigates the forces that contributed to severe shortages in personal protective equipment in the US during the COVID-19 crisis. Problems from a dysfunctional costing model in hospital operating systems were magnified by a very large demand shock triggered by acute need in healthcare and panicked marketplace behavior that depleted domestic PPE inventories. The lack of effective action on the part of the federal government to maintain and distribute domestic inventories, as well as severe disruptions to the PPE global supply chain, amplified the problem. Analysis of trade data shows that the US is the world's largest importer of face masks, eye protection, and medical gloves, making it highly vulnerable to disruptions in exports of medical supplies. We conclude that market prices are not appropriate mechanisms for rationing inputs to health because health is a public good. Removing the profit motive for purchasing PPE in hospital costing models, strengthening government capacity to maintain and distribute stockpiles, developing and enforcing regulations, and pursuing strategic industrial policy to reduce US dependence on imported PPE will help to better protect healthcare workers with adequate supplies of PPE.
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Cites
Fair Allocation of Scarce Medical Resources in the Time of Covid-19
Emanuel, E. J., Persad, G., Upshur, R., Thome, B., Parker, M., Glickman, A., Zhang, C., Boyle, C., Smith, M., & Phillips, J. P. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsb2005114 · Cited by 3,137
Chapter 12 The theory of equalizing differences
Rosen, S. (1986) · Handbook of Labor Economics · doi:10.1016/s1573-4463(86)01015-5 · Cited by 1,301
The value of risks to life and health
Viscusi, W. K. (1993) · Cited by 1,110
The Value of Life and the Rise in Health Spending
Hall, R. E., & Jones, C. I. (2007) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1162/qjec.122.1.39 · Cited by 905
Sourcing Personal Protective Equipment During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Livingston, E., Desai, A., & Berkwits, M. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.5317 · Cited by 637
Gershon, R. R. M., Karkashian, C. D., Grosch, J. W., Murphy, L. R., Escamilla-Cejudo, A., Flanagan, P. A., Bernacki, E., Kasting, C., & Martin, L. (2000) · American Journal of Infection Control · doi:10.1067/mic.2000.105288 · Cited by 462
Invisible Women: Data Bias in a World Designed for Men
Perez, C. C. (2019) · Cited by 438
Rowan, N. J., & Laffey, J. G. (2020) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138532 · Cited by 432
The Anatomy of Health Care in the United States
Moses, H., Matheson, D. H. M., Dorsey, E. R., George, B. P., Sadoff, D., & Yoshimura, S. (2013) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2013.281425 · Cited by 327
Global shortage of personal protective equipment
Burki, T. (2020) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30501-6 · Cited by 245
Cited by
Caldichoury, N., García-Roncallo, P., Saldías, C., Zurita, B., Castellanos, C., Herrera-Pino, J., Soto-Añari, M., Porto, M. F., Quispe-Rodríguez, I., Florez, Y., et al. (2025) · Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría · doi:10.1016/j.rcp.2023.04.010 · Cited by 11
Bacterial Filtration Efficiency of Different Masks
Košir, T., Fric, K., Filipić, A., & Kogovšek, P. (2022) · Strojniški vestnik – Journal of Mechanical Engineering · doi:10.5545/sv-jme.2022.34 · Cited by 6
Study of the inward protection efficiency of various facial masks
El Khayri, H., Pieris, S., Peterson, S. D., & Yarusevych, S. (2025) · Aerosol Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/02786826.2025.2547901
Metadata
- Authors
- Cohen, J., & Rodgers, Y. V. D. M.
- Venue
- Preventive Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-12
- Volume
- 141
- Pages
- 106263
- ISSN
- 0091-7435 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3091623915
- Cited by
- 528
- References
- 26
- FWCI
- 78.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
