Cited by 911Meta-analysis and systematic reviewsHealth Sciences Research and EducationClinical practice guidelines implementation

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Evidence for physiotherapy practice: A survey of the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro)

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Moseley, Anne M, Herbert, Robert D, Sherrington, Catherine, Maher, Christopher G·2002·Australian Journal of Physiotherapy

DOI 10.1016/s0004-9514(14)60281-6

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Abstract

Evidence-based practice involves the use of evidence from systematic reviews and randomised controlled trials, but the extent of this evidence in physiotherapy has not previously been surveyed. The aim of this survey is to describe the quantity and quality of randomised controlled trials and the quantity of systematic reviews relevant to physiotherapy. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) was searched. The quality of trials was assessed with the PEDro scale. The search identified a total of 2,376 randomised controlled trials and 332 systematic reviews. The first trial was published in 1955 and the first review was published in 1982. Since that time, the number of trials and reviews has grown exponentially. The mean PEDro quality score has increased from 2.8 in trials published between 1955 and 1959 to 5.0 for trials published between 1995 and 1999. There is a substantial body of evidence about the effects of physiotherapy. However, there remains scope for improvements in the quality of the conduct and reporting of clinical trials.

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Self-citation
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Research works printed but not linked: 1

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Simmons, L., & Smith, T. O. (2012) · Physical Therapy Reviews · doi:10.1179/1743288x12y.0000000035 · Cited by 9
Use of antidepressants in dentistry: A systematic review
Lino, P. A., Martins, C. C., Miranda, G., Silva, M. D. S. E., & de Abreu, M. H. N. G. (2017) · Oral Diseases · doi:10.1111/odi.12747 · Cited by 9
Eficacia de la acupuntura en la espasticidad del paciente que ha padecido un ictus. Revisión sistemática
Rodríguez-Mansilla, J., Espejo-Antúnez, L., & Bustamante-López, A. I. (2015) · Atención Primaria · doi:10.1016/j.aprim.2015.05.004 · Cited by 9
Quality of the Stroke Rehabilitation Research
Bhogal, S. K., Teasell, R. W., Foley, N. C., & Speechley, M. R. (2003) · Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation · doi:10.1310/31pk-d1j8-1fbn-0k3k · Cited by 9
Evidence-based perspective on CP rehabilitation : Reviews on physiotherapy, physiotherapy-related motor-based interventions and orthotic devices
Anttila, H. (2008) · Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja · Cited by 9
Peripheral Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Neuropathies: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Mogedano-Cruz, S., López-Pérez, M. E., Lago, D. G., Morales, C. R., Alonso-Pérez, J. L., Villafañe, J. H., Sáiz, S. L. J., & Sosa-Reina, M. D. (2024) · Pain Management Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.pmn.2024.11.005 · Cited by 8
Effects of physical exercise on the lipid profile of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
da Silva, J. V. M. B., Delgado, J. C. S., Hortúa, A. M. J., Veiga, A. C., Andrade, G. V., Rodrigues, M. R., & de Souza, H. C. D. (2025) · Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research · doi:10.1590/1414-431x2025e14194 · Cited by 16
Current state of evidence-based practice in clinical physiotherapy
Roos, R. (2025) · South African Journal of Physiotherapy · doi:10.4102/sajp.v81i1.2139 · Cited by 8
“…evidence, for example, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and synthesis of research evidence, for example, systematic reviews (SRs) and clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) as part of EBP and to inform evidence-based physiotherapy, has significantly increased over time (Moseley et al. 2002, 2020).”
Influential
Effects of Virtual Reality on Adults Diagnosed with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review
la-Banda-García, R. G.-D., Cruz‐Díaz, D., García-Vázquez, J. F., Martínez-Lentisco, M. D. M., & León-Morillas, F. (2025) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare13111328 · Cited by 8
“Risk of bias assessment will be independently performed by two unblinded reviewers, and disagreements will be resolved by consensus [23].”
Community-Based Rehabilitation Following Brain Injury: Comparison of a Transitional Living Program and a Home-Based Program
Hopman, K., Tate, R. L., & McCluskey, A. (2012) · Brain Impairment · doi:10.1017/brimp.2012.6 · Cited by 8
The effectiveness of community-based upper body exercise programs in persons with chronic paraplegia and manual wheelchair users: A systematic review
Willig, R., Garcia, I., da Silva, N. S. L., Corredeira, R., & Carvalho, J. (2020) · Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine (JSCM) · doi:10.1080/10790268.2020.1782608 · Cited by 9
Effect of aquatic exercise on physical function and QOL in individuals with neurological disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Oh, S., & Lee, S. (2021) · Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies · doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.01.009 · Cited by 8
Are Biases Related to Attrition, Missing Data, and the Use of Intention to Treat Related to the Magnitude of Treatment Effects in Physical Therapy Trials?
Armijo-Olivo, S. L., da Costa, B. R., Ha, C., Saltaji, H., Cummings, G. G., & Fuentes, J. (2021) · American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/phm.0000000000001837 · Cited by 8
HSP expression depends on its molecular construction and different organs of the chicken: a meta-analysis
Siddiqui, S. H., Khan, M., Choe, H. S., Kang, D., & Shim, K. S. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-18985-0 · Cited by 8
“Nonetheless, the PEDro scale assists in analyzing the statistical information of primarily selected journals and helps in selecting effective literature for meta-analysis 44 .”
Therapeutic Intervention for Visuo-Spatial Neglect after Stroke: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Kwon, J.-S. (2018) · Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives · doi:10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.2.04 · Cited by 8
Peri-operative Botulinum Neurotoxin injection to improve outcomes of surgeries on spastic limbs: A systematic review
Saeidiborojeni, S., Mills, P. B., Reebye, R. N., & Finlayson, H. C. (2020) · Toxicon · doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.10.005 · Cited by 8
Supportive devices for preventing and treating subluxation of the shoulder after stroke
Ada, L., Foongchomcheay, A., & Canning, C. G. (2002) · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd003863 · Cited by 8
Protocol for a systematic review of psychological treatment for methamphetamine use: An analysis of methamphetamine use and mental health symptom outcomes
Stuart, A., Baker, A. L., Bowman, J., McCarter, K., Denham, A. M. J., Lee, N., Colyvas, K., & Dunlop, A. (2017) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015383 · Cited by 7
“If disagreement occurs, final ratings will be made via consensus, following discussion with coauthors.(46) The ‘Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias’ tool will be used to measure risk of bias(45) with items judged as low, high or unclear risk.”
Method
Effectiveness of functional or biomechanical bandages with athletic taping and kinesiotaping in subjects with chronic ankle instability: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Chamorro-Moriana, G., Pérez‐Cabezas, V., & Benítez-Lugo, M.-L. (2024) · EFORT Open Reviews · doi:10.1530/eor-23-0129 · Cited by 7
Mobile Application Applied for Cognitive Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review
Cha, S.-M. (2024) · Life · doi:10.3390/life14070891 · Cited by 7
“It responds qualitative evaluation from a methodological perspective is conducted with 9–10 points being ‘excellent’, 6–8 points being ‘good’, 4–5 points being ‘fair’, and 4 points or less being ‘poor’ [20]. with ‘Yes’ or ‘No’, and the maximum score is 10 points (the number of ‘Yes’).”
Method
Systematic Review of Worldwide Female Enrollment in Randomized Controlled Trials of Poststroke Lower Extremity Rehabilitation
Safaei-Qomi, M. R., Mehrabi, S., Fleet, J. L., Peters, S., Viana, R., Payne, M. W. C., Tang, A., & Teasell, R. W. (2024) · American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/phm.0000000000002638 · Cited by 7
Virtual reality-based interventions improve balance skills in children with developmental coordination disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis
Piñar-Lara, M., Obrero‐Gaitán, E., Lomas‐Vega, R., López‐Ruiz, M. D. C., García‐López, H., & Cortés‐Pérez, I. (2025) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638288.2025.2458186 · Cited by 7
“The methodological quality and risk of bias was evaluated using the PeDro scale [45].”
Effects of robot-assisted gait training on cardiopulmonary function and lower extremity strength in individuals with spinal cord injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Wan, C., Huang, S., Wang, X., Ge, P., Wang, Z., Zhang, Y., Li, Y., & Su, B. (2023) · Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine · doi:10.1080/10790268.2023.2188392 · Cited by 7
“Quality Assessment (Risk of Bias) : The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was used to assess the quality of the studies, measuring methodological quality of randomized controlled trials (17).”
Method
Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Training in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
de Arruda, N. S., Peixoto, N. D. M., Callegaro, C. C., Trevisan, M. E., & Jaenisch, R. B. (2023) · Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery · doi:10.21470/1678-9741-2022-0366 · Cited by 7
“It were considered high quality (> 7 points), moderate quality (6 or 5 points), and low quality (≤ 4 points)[23].”
Background
Effect of aquatic exercise versus standard care on paraspinal and gluteal muscles morphology in individuals with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial protocol
Rosenstein, B., Montpetit, C., Vaillancourt, N., Dover, G. C., Khalini-Mahani, N., Weiss, C., Papula, L. A., Melek, A., & Fortin, M. (2023) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12891-023-07034-0 · Cited by 7
“Since blinding of therapists and participants is generally not possible in exercise intervention trials [50], only the assessor will be blinded.”
Background
Acupuncture and dry needling for physical therapy of scar: a systematic review
Chmielewska, D. D., Malá, J., Opala-Berdzik, A., Nocuń, M., Dolibog, P., Dolibog, P., Stania, M., Kuszewski, M., & Kobesova, A. (2024) · BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies · doi:10.1186/s12906-023-04301-4 · Cited by 7
“The Phys-iotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale consists of 10 questions pertaining to the internal validity and statistical information provided [11].”
Background
The effectiveness of parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in the treatment of monosymptomatic enuresis in children and adolescents: a systematic review
Dutra, M. F., de Bessa, J., de Almeida, E. C. L., Lima, E. M., Vasconcelos, M. M. D. A., & Mrad, F. C. D. C. (2024) · International braz j urol · doi:10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2023.0618 · Cited by 7
“It assesses 11 items related to the study internal validity (two to nine) and statistical reporting (10 and 11), except for the first one (eligibility criteria), which is not computed in the total score (46).”
Background
Exercise‐based physiotherapeutic interventions in frailty syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Silva, L. G. D. C., da Silva, S. L. A., Freire, J. C. G., Nascimento, E. D. S., de Andrade, P. R., Pereira, D. S., & de Brito, G. E. G. (2024) · Physiotherapy Research International · doi:10.1002/pri.2092 · Cited by 7
“The scale has 11 items, with each criterion (except item 1) contributing one point to the total score, so the score ranges from 0 to 10 (Maher et al., 2003), and those who achieve a score ≥ 5 are considered high quality, according to Moseley et al. (2002).”
Systematic Review of Upper Extremity Outcome Measures Assessed in Randomized Controlled Trials of Poststroke Upper Extremity Rehabilitation in Low-to-Middle-Income and High-Income Countries
Mehrabi, S., Fleet, J. L., Safaei-Qomi, M. R., Dukelow, S. P., Murie-Fernández, M., Harnett, A., & Teasell, R. W. (2024) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2024.08.029 · Cited by 7
A comparative analysis of the effects of proprioception and virtual reality exercises on postural balance in athletes with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Majelan, A. S., Shahani, O., Zo, M. A. S. G., & Far, M. A. (2025) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12891-025-08823-5 · Cited by 7
“Studies scoring below 4 are considered to be of low quality [26].”
Neuromuscular Training for Prevention of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Female Athletes
Chang, W., & Lai, P.-T. (2014) · International Journal of Athletic Therapy & Training · doi:10.1123/ijatt.2014-0042 · Cited by 7
Effectiveness of 4-Aminopyridine for the Management of Spasticity in Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review
Wiener, J., Hsieh, J., McIntyre, A., & Teasell, R. W. (2018) · Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation · doi:10.1310/sci17-00048 · Cited by 7
“Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were evaluated using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) tool (Table 1).(15) The PEDro tool consists of 11 items, each answered with “yes” (score = 1) or “no” (score = 0).”
Method
Do Initial Trunk Impairment, Age, Intervention Onset, and Training Volume Modulate the Effectiveness of Additional Trunk Exercise Programs after Stroke? A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses
Prat-Luri, A., Moreno-Navarro, P., García, J. A., Barbado, D., Vera-García, F. J., & Elvira, J. L. L. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17238714 · Cited by 7
“Based on this scale, studies were categorized as follows: excellent (9–10 points), good (6–8 points), fair (4–5 points), and poor (<4 points) [32].”
Method
The safety and efficacy of oral antiviral drug VV116 for treatment of COVID-19: A systematic review
Xiao, N., Huang, X., Kang, X., Zang, W., Li, B., & Kiselev, S. Y. (2023) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000034105 · Cited by 7
“Study quality assessment To thoroughly assess the quality of the included literature, we used the PEDro scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Table (ROB) to evaluate the quality and internal validity of the RCTs.[35] This scale consists of eleven scoring items, and as with the previously published articles,[36] a PEDro…”
MethodInfluential
Effect of transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation on spasticity in upper motor neuron conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Hassan, A. B., Salihu, A. T., Masta, M. A., Gunn, H., Marsden, J. F., Abdullahi, A., Ahmad, R. Y., & Danazumi, M. S. (2023) · Spinal Cord · doi:10.1038/s41393-023-00928-9 · Cited by 7
“Generally, studies scoring ≥ 6 out of 10 were considered high-quality, while studies scoring 6 out of 10 were considered low-quality [46].”
Uso da kinesio taping na dor lombar: revisão sistemática
Batista, C. V., Ruaro, J. A., Ruaro, M. B., Julik, A. D., Kerppers, I. I., Suckow, P. P. T., Melo, S. D. A., & Fréz, A. R. (2014) · ConScientiae Saúde · doi:10.5585/conssaude.v13n1.4589 · Cited by 7
Effects of stretching exercises for posture correction: systematic review.
Filho, J. N. D. S., Gurgel, J. L., & Porto, F. (2014) · Manual Therapy Posturology & Rehabilitation Journal · doi:10.17784/mtprehabjournal.2014.12.200 · Cited by 6
“1%) of the analyzed studies(24,26,42,43) had low methodological quality(41) and less than half (42.”
Influential
Occupational therapy for cognitive impairment in stroke patients
Hoffmann, T., Bennett, S. H., Koh, C., & McKenna, K. T. (2007) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd006430 · Cited by 7

Authors: Moseley, A. M., Herbert, R. D., Sherrington, C., & Maher, C. G.
Affiliations: The University of Sydney (AU)
Corresponding author: Moseley, Anne M
ORCID: Moseley, Anne M
Sherrington, Catherine
Maher, Christopher G
Venue: Australian Journal of Physiotherapy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2002
Volume: 48
Issue: 1
Pages: 43-49
ISSN: 0004-9514 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0004-9514(14)60281-6
OpenAlex: W2042355753
Cited by: 911
References: 23
Citations by year: 2026: 35 · 2025: 50 · 2024: 69 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 80 · 2021: 60 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 44 · 2018: 45 · 2017: 43 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 57 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 39
FWCI: 23.91
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 4432 d)
Locations: Australian Journal of Physiotherapy (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Sciences Research and Education
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Clinical practice guidelines implementation
Keywords: physiotherapy, evidence-based practice, randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, trial quality, PEDro scale, trial reporting quality
MeSH terms: Australia, Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, Quality Assurance, Health Care, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Databases, Factual, Evidence-Based Medicine, Physical Therapy Modalities

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Evidence for physiotherapy practice: A survey of the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro)

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