CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 137Treatment of Major DepressionNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorStress Responses and Cortisol

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 77 of the 77 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Elevated levels of tyrosine hydroxylase in the locus coeruleus in major depression

Zhu, Meng-Yang, Klimek, Violetta, Dilley, Ginny E, Haycock, John W, Stockmeier, Craig, Overholser, James C, Meltzer, Herbert Y, Ordway, Gregory A·1999·Biological Psychiatry
DOI 10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00135-3
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Background Levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) are regulated in the noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) in response to changes in the activity of LC neurons and in response to changes in brain levels of norepinephrine. To study the potential role of central noradrenergic neurons in the pathobiology of major depression, TH protein was measured in the LC from postmortem brains of 13 subjects with a diagnosis of major depression and 13 age-matched control subjects having no Axis I psychiatric diagnosis. Most of the major depressive subjects died as a result of suicide.Methods Protein from sections cut through multiple rostro-caudal levels of LC was transferred to Immobilon-P membrane, immunoblotted for TH, and quantified autoradiographically.Results The distribution of TH-immunoreactivity (TH-ir) along the rostro-caudal axis of the LC was uneven and was paralleled by a similar uneven distribution of neuromelanin-containing cells in both major depressive and psychiatrically normal control subjects. Amounts of TH-ir in the rostral, middle and caudal levels of the LC from major depressive subjects were significantly higher than that of matched control subjects. There were no significant differences in the number of noradrenergic cells at any particular level of the LC comparing major depressive subjects to control subjects.Conclusions Elevated expression of TH in the LC in major depression implies a premortem overactivity of these neurons, or a deficiency of the cognate transmitter, norepinephrine.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00135-3

Cites

77 of 77 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 137

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Zhu, M.-Y., Klimek, V., Dilley, G. E., Haycock, J. W., Stockmeier, C., Overholser, J. C., Meltzer, H. Y., & Ordway, G. A.
Affiliations
  • University of Mississippi Medical Center (US)
  • Case Western Reserve University (US)
  • Louisiana State University (US)
Corresponding author
Ordway, Gregory A
ORCID
Venue
Biological Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1999-11
Volume
46
Issue
9
Pages
1275-1286
ISSN
0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00135-3
OpenAlex
W2001775440
Cited by
137
References
77
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 7
FWCI
3.91
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH 46692, NIMH 45488, R01MH045488, R01MH046692)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Keywords
tyrosine hydroxylase, locus coeruleus, major depressive disorder, noradrenergic neurons, norepinephrine, neuromelanin, suicide, postmortem brain
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Autoradiography, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Locus Coeruleus, Male, Middle Aged, Neurons, Suicide, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase, Immunoblotting, Blotting, Western, Case-Control Studies

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review