Cited by 358Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic ControlComplex Systems and Time Series AnalysisCardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias

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Fractal mechanisms and heart rate dynamics

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Peng, C.-K., Havlin, S., Hausdorff, J.M., Mietus, J.E., Stanley, H.E., Goldberger, A.L.·1995·Journal of Electrocardiology

DOI 10.1016/s0022-0736(95)80017-4

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Abstract

Under healthy conditions, the normal cardiac (sinus) interbeat interval fluctuates in a complex manner. Quantitative analysis using techniques adapted from statistical physics reveals the presence of long-range power-law correlations extending over thousands of heartbeats. This scale-invariant (fractal) behavior suggests that the regulatory system generating these fluctuations is operating far from equilibrium. In contrast, it is found that for subjects at high risk of sudden death (e.g., congestive heart failure patients), these long-range correlations break down. Application of fractal scaling analysis and related techniques provides new approaches to assessing cardiac risk and forecasting sudden cardiac death, as well as motivating development of novel physiologic models of systems that appear to be heterodynamic rather than homeostatic.

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Authors: Peng, C.-K., Havlin, S., Hausdorff, J. M., Mietus, J. E., Stanley, H. E., & Goldberger, A. L.
Affiliations: Boston University (US)
Harvard University (US)
Corresponding author: Peng, C.-K.
ORCID: Peng, C.-K.
Havlin, S.
Hausdorff, J.M.
Venue: Journal of Electrocardiology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1995
Volume: 28
Pages: 59-65
ISSN: 0022-0736 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0736(95)80017-4
OpenAlex: W1824152488
Cited by: 358
References: 30
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 19
FWCI: 0.61
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-nd
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (vor, 3783 d)
Locations: Journal of Electrocardiology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Science Foundation
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
National Institutes of Health
National Institute on Aging
National Institute of Mental Health
National Institute on Drug Abuse
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
Keywords: heart rate dynamics, fractal scaling, long-range correlations, power-law correlations, cardiac interbeat intervals, cardiac autonomic regulation, congestive heart failure, sudden cardiac death risk, cardiac risk assessment
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Algorithms, Electrocardiography, Forecasting, Heart Diseases, Heart Failure, Heart Rate, Humans, Middle Aged, Models, Cardiovascular, Risk Factors, Survival Rate, Case-Control Studies, Death, Sudden, Cardiac, Fractals, Ventricular Dysfunction, Left, Risk Assessment

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