α2 ADRENERGIC AGONISTS
Abstract
The alpha 2 adrenergic agonists are used to treat a variety of psychiatric disorders and their usage has been increasing. This article presents the rationale and neurochemical basis for treatment of psychiatric disorders with alpha 2 agents, reviews studies examining clinical efficacy, and develops guidelines for usage. Case vignettes are presented to illustrate how the alpha 2 agents can successfully be used in practice.
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Guanfacine has fewer CNS adverse effects than clonidine, such as sedation, headache, orthostatic hypotension and impotence, and a lower incidence of withdrawal symptoms such as high BP, headache, tremor, restlessness, and nausea (3% vs. 50-80% with clonidine).
“Also, guanfacine has fewer CNS adverse effects than clonidine, such as sedation, headache, orthostatic hypotension and impotence,42,43 and a lower incidence of withdrawal symptoms such as high BP, headache, tremor, restlessness, and nausea (3% vs. 50–80% with clonidine).42,44–47”
From Hyperadrenergic Postural Tachycardia Syndrome: Clinical Biomarkers and Response to Guanfacine (2024) · cites this paper as [43]
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References 81 · Cited by 68
- Authors
- Newcorn, J. H., Schulz, K., Harrison, M., DeBellis, M. D., Udarbe, J. K., & Halperin, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Mount Sinai Health System (US)
- Queens College, CUNY (US)
- Mount Sinai Hospital (US)
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Pediatric Clinics of North America
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-10
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1099-1122
- ISSN
- 0031-3955 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1501686051
- Cited by
- 68
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Pediatric Clinics of North America (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- clonidine, guanfacine, alpha-2 adrenergic agonists, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Tourette syndrome, aggression, post-traumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder, noradrenergic neurotransmission, child psychiatry, drug safety, adverse effects, off-label drug use
- MeSH terms
- Adrenergic alpha-Agonists, Anxiety Disorders, Child, Clinical Protocols, Clonidine, Female, Humans, Locus Coeruleus, Male, Tic Disorders, Guanfacine, Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders, Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists
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