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Continental, national and sub-national innovation systems—complementarity and economic growth
Open accessAbstract
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the relevance of innovation systems to economic growth rates over the last two centuries. The focus is on complementarity (or lack of it) between sub-systems of society and on models of active learning in catching up economies. The paper discusses variations in rates of growth of economic regions and the extent to which variations may be attributed to “innovation systems”. The analysis is applied to Britain in the 18th century, the United States in the second half of the 19th century and the innovation systems of catching up countries in the 20th century.
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Citations
Cited by
Systems of Innovation: Perspectives and Challenges
Edquist, C. (2009) · The Oxford Handbook of Innovation · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199286805.003.0007 · Cited by 1,452
The Geography of Innovation: Regional Innovation Systems
Asheim, B. T., & Gertler, M. S. (2009) · The Oxford Handbook of Innovation · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199286805.003.0011 · Cited by 1,447
Cantwell, J., Dunning, J. H., & Lundan, S. M. (2010) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/jibs.2009.95 · Cited by 926
Su, H.-N., & Moaniba, I. M. (2017) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2017.04.017 · Cited by 366
Four models of the creative industries
Potts, J., & Cunningham, S. (2008) · International Journal of Cultural Policy · doi:10.1080/10286630802281780 · Cited by 349
Metadata
- Authors
- Freeman, C.
- Venue
- Research Policy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-02
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 191-211
- ISSN
- 0048-7333 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1984313838
- Cited by
- 670
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 37.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Continental, national and sub-national innovation systems—complementarity and economic growth. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/s0048-7333(01)00136-6
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- Freeman, C. (2002). Continental, national and sub-national innovation systems—complementarity and economic growth. Research Policy. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0048-7333(01)00136-6
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
