Cited by 152Mast cells and histamineSleep and Work-Related FatigueAllergic Rhinitis and Sensitization

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Sedative effects of antihistamines

Roth, T., Roehrs, T., Koshorek, G., Sicklesteel, J., Zorick, F.·1987·Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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Abstract

The central effects of a newly developed, long-acting H1 antihistamine, loratadine (10 and 40 mg), were compared with those of a standard H1 antihistamine, diphenhydramine (50 mg three times a day) with measures of performance and daytime sleepiness (multiple sleep latency test). Sixteen healthy adults (six women and 10 men), 19 to 35 years of age, received each of the drugs and placebo for 2 days, separated by 5 days at home. Each day, the drug or placebo was administered at 8 A.M. and 12 and 4 P.M. Diphenhydramine was administered in three equal doses (50 mg), and loratadine was administered in a single dose followed by two placebo doses. Mean latency to sleep on tests done at 9 and 11 A.M. and 1, 3, and 5 P.M. was reduced significantly with diphenhydramine compared to placebo, whereas neither loratadine dose reduced sleep latency. Performance measured at 9:30 P.M. and 1:30 P.M. with a battery of tests, including reaction time, vigilance, digit symbol substitution, and symbol copying tasks demonstrated a significant reduction in symbols copied and digits substituted after diphenhydramine compared to both loratadine doses. These results demonstrate that loratadine (10 and 40 mg doses) did not have clinically significant central nervous system activity, whereas diphenhydramine increases sleepiness and disrupts performance efficiency.

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Authors: Roth, T., Roehrs, T., Koshorek, G., Sicklesteel, J., & Zorick, F.
ORCID: Roth, T.
Roehrs, T.
Venue: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1987-07
Volume: 80
Issue: 1
Pages: 94-98
ISSN: 0091-6749 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0091-6749(87)80197-5
OpenAlex: W2012513486
Semantic Scholar: 95f3254ac3e2a3785305a180748e3b4965485bc0
Cited by: 151
References: 11
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2
FWCI: 1.82
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Mast cells and histamine
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
Keywords: loratadine, diphenhydramine, histamine H1 receptor antagonists, sedative effects, daytime sleepiness, sleep latency, central nervous system effects, cognitive performance, reaction time, sustained attention
MeSH terms: Adult, Cyproheptadine, Diphenhydramine, Female, Histamine H1 Antagonists, Humans, Hypnotics and Sedatives, Male, Sleep, Loratadine

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Sedative effects of antihistamines

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