The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The number of subcenters in large urban areas
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
(2001) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 27,577
Specification Tests in Econometrics
Hausman, J. A. (1978) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/1913827 · Cited by 18,820
Robust Locally Weighted Regression and Smoothing Scatterplots
Cleveland, W. S. (1979) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1979.10481038 · Cited by 11,594
Locally Weighted Regression: An Approach to Regression Analysis by Local Fitting
Cleveland, W. S., & Devlin, S. J. (1988) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1988.10478639 · Cited by 5,742
Glaeser, E. L., Kallal, H. D., Scheinkman, J. A., & Shleifer, A. (1992) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/261856 · Cited by 4,596
Edge city: life on the new frontier
(1992) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.29-4718 · Cited by 2,108
Consistent Nonparametric Regression
Stone, C. J. (1977) · The Annals of Statistics · doi:10.1214/aos/1176343886 · Cited by 1,792
(2010) · Encyclopedia of Geography · doi:10.4135/9781412939591.n1196 · Cited by 1,191
Pagan, A., & Ullah, A. (1999) · Cited by 1,108
Multiple equilibria and structural transition of non-monocentric urban configurations
Fujita, M., & Ogawa, H. (1982) · Regional Science and Urban Economics · doi:10.1016/0166-0462(82)90031-x · Cited by 945
Metadata
- Authors
- McMillen, D. P., & Smith, S. C.
- Venue
- Journal of Urban Economics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-05
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 321-338
- ISSN
- 0094-1190 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2041872590
- Cited by
- 320
- References
- 28
- FWCI
- 25.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The number of subcenters in large urban areas. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/s0094-1190(03)00026-3
- The paper
- McMillen, D. P., & Smith, S. C. (2003). The number of subcenters in large urban areas. Journal of Urban Economics. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0094-1190(03)00026-3
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
