Cited by 379Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular DisturbancesTraumatic Brain Injury ResearchEpilepsy research and treatment

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Long-term risk of epilepsy after traumatic brain injury in children and young adults: a population-based cohort study

Christensen, Jakob, Pedersen, Marianne G, Pedersen, Carsten B, Sidenius, Per, Olsen, Jørn, Vestergaard, Mogens·2009·The Lancet

DOI 10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60214-2

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Abstract

Background The risk of epilepsy shortly after traumatic brain injury is high, but how long this high risk lasts is unknown. We aimed to assess the risk of epilepsy up to 10 years or longer after traumatic brain injury, taking into account sex, age, severity, and family history. Methods We identified 1 605 216 people born in Denmark (1977-2002) from the Civil Registration System. We obtained information on traumatic brain injury and epilepsy from the National Hospital Register and estimated relative risks (RR) with Poisson analyses. Findings Risk of epilepsy was increased after a mild brain injury (RR 2.22, 95% CI 2.07-2.38), severe brain injury (7.40, 6.16-8.89), and skull fracture (2.17, 1.73-2.71). The risk was increased more than 10 years after mild brain injury (1.51, 1.24-1.85), severe brain injury (4.29, 2.04-9.00), and skull fracture (2.06, 1.37-3.11). RR increased with age at mild and severe injury and was especially high among people older than 15 years of age with mild (3.51, 2.90-4.26) and severe (12.24, 8.52-17.57) injury. The risk was slightly higher in women (2.49, 2.25-2.76) than in men (2.01, 1.83-2.22). Patients with a family history of epilepsy had a notably high risk of epilepsy after mild (5.75, 4.56-7.27) and severe brain injury (10.09, 4.20-24.26). Interpretation The longlasting high risk of epilepsy after brain injury might provide a window for prevention of post-traumatic epilepsy.

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Authors: Christensen, J., Pedersen, M. G., Pedersen, C. B., Sidenius, P., Olsen, J., & Vestergaard, M.
Affiliations: Aarhus University (DK)
Aarhus University Hospital (DK)
University of California, Los Angeles (US)
Corresponding author: Christensen, Jakob
ORCID: Christensen, Jakob
Pedersen, Carsten B
Olsen, Jørn
Vestergaard, Mogens
Venue: The Lancet
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2009-03
Volume: 373
Issue: 9669
Pages: 1105-1110
ISSN: 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
0140-6736
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60214-2
OpenAlex: W2154289778
Cited by: 379
References: 36
Citations by year: 2026: 15 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 14.39
Type: journal article
Language: en
Update notices: erratum (2009-06-06)
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: The Lancet (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Epilepsy research and treatment
Keywords: post-traumatic epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, long-term risk, mild traumatic brain injury, severe traumatic brain injury, skull fracture, family history of epilepsy, sex differences, age at injury, children and young adults
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Brain Injuries, Child, Child, Preschool, Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic, Female, Humans, Male, Skull Fractures, Time Factors

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Long-term risk of epilepsy after traumatic brain injury in children and young adults: a population-based cohort study

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