Once weekly exenatide compared with insulin glargine titrated to target in patients with type 2 diabetes (DURATION-3): an open-label randomised trial
Abstract
Background Diabetes treatments are needed that are convenient, provide effective glycaemic control, and do not cause weight gain. We aimed to test the hypothesis that improvement in haemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) achieved with once weekly exenatide was superior to that achieved with insulin glargine titrated to glucose targets. Methods In this 26-week, open-label, randomised, parallel study, we compared exenatide with insulin glargine in adults with type 2 diabetes who had suboptimum glycaemic control despite use of maximum tolerated doses of blood-glucose-lowering drugs for 3 months or longer. Patients were randomly assigned to add exenatide (2 mg, once-a-week injection) or insulin glargine (once-daily injection, starting dose 10 IU, target glucose range 4.0-5.5 mmol/L) to their blood-glucose-lowering regimens. Randomisation was with a one-to-one allocation and block size four, stratified according to country and concomitant treatment (70% metformin only; 30% metformin plus sulphonylurea). Participants and clinical investigators were not masked to assignment, but investigators analysing data were. The primary endpoint was change in HbA(1c) from baseline, and analysis of this outcome was by modified intention to treat for all patients who received at least one dose of study drug. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00641056. Findings 456 patients were randomly allocated to treatment and were included in the modified intention-to-treat analysis (233 exenatid…
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
GLP-1 RAs and dual GIP and GLP-1 RA in these trials had a lower risk of hypoglycemia compared with insulin.
“GLP-1 RAs and dual GIP and GLP-1 RA in these trials also had a lower risk of hypoglycemia and beneficial effects on body weight compared with insulin, albeit with greater gastrointestinal side effects.”
From 9. Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025 (2025) · cites this paper as [130]
In trials analyzing addition of injectable GLP-1 RA, dual GIP and GLP-1 RA, or insulin in people needing further glucose lowering, glycemic efficacies of GLP-1 RAs and the dual GIP and GLP-1 RA were similar to or greater than that of basal insulin.
“In trials analyzing the addition of an injectable GLP-1 RA, dual GIP and GLP-1 RA, or insulin in people needing further glucose lowering, glycemic efficacies of GLP-1 RAs and the dual GIP and GLP-1 RA were similar to or greater than that of basal insulin (123-130).”
From 9. Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025 (2025) · cites this paper as [130]
GLP-1 RAs and dual GIP and GLP-1 RA in these trials had greater gastrointestinal side effects compared with insulin.
“GLP-1 RAs and dual GIP and GLP-1 RA in these trials also had a lower risk of hypoglycemia and beneficial effects on body weight compared with insulin, albeit with greater gastrointestinal side effects.”
From 9. Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025 (2025) · cites this paper as [130]
GLP-1 RAs and dual GIP and GLP-1 RA in these trials had beneficial effects on body weight compared with insulin.
“GLP-1 RAs and dual GIP and GLP-1 RA in these trials also had a lower risk of hypoglycemia and beneficial effects on body weight compared with insulin, albeit with greater gastrointestinal side effects.”
From 9. Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025 (2025) · cites this paper as [130]
No citation lists for this paper
No citation lists for this paper yet — checked again daily.
References 33 · Cited by 434
- Authors
- Diamant, M., Van Gaal, L., Stranks, S., Northrup, J., Cao, D., Taylor, K., & Trautmann, M.
- Affiliations
- SA Health (AU)
- Eli Lilly (United States) (US)
- ORCID
- Cao, Dachuang
- Venue
- The Lancet
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-06
- Volume
- 375
- Issue
- 9733
- Pages
- 2234-2243
- ISSN
- 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
- 0140-6736
- OpenAlex
- W2139485303
- Cited by
- 434
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 39 · 2014: 52 · 2013: 54 · 2012: 60
- FWCI
- 42.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Lancet (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion)
- Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
- Digital Academic REpository of VU University Amsterdam (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Amylin Pharmaceuticals
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- exenatide, insulin glargine, glycemic control, HbA1c, GLP-1 receptor agonists, insulin dose adjustment, metformin, sulfonylureas, weight gain, adjunctive therapy, insulin sensitivity, insulin clearance
- MeSH terms
- Insulin Glargine, Exenatide, Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Injections, Subcutaneous, Insulin, Male, Middle Aged, Peptides, Venoms, Insulin, Long-Acting, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
