Tinnitus.
Open accessAbstract
Tinnitus is a common medical symptom that can be debilitating. Risk factors include hearing loss, ototoxic medication, head injury, and depression. At presentation, the possibilities of otological disease, anxiety, and depression should be considered. No effective drug treatments are available, although much research is underway into mechanisms and possible treatments. Surgical intervention for any otological pathology associated with tinnitus might be effective for that condition, but the tinnitus can persist. Available treatments include hearing aids when hearing loss is identified (even mild or unilateral), wide-band sound therapy, and counselling. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is indicated for some patients, but availability of tinnitus-specific CBT in the UK is poor. The evidence base is strongest for a combination of sound therapy and CBT-based counselling, although clinical trials are constrained by the heterogeneity of patients with tinnitus.
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- Authors
- Baguley, D., McFerran, D., & Hall, D.
- Affiliations
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Baguley, David
- Venue
- The Lancet
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-11
- Volume
- 382
- Issue
- 9904
- Pages
- 1600-1607
- ISSN
- 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
- 0140-6736
- OpenAlex
- W4248190536
- Cited by
- 1,245
- References
- 100
- Citations by year
- 2026: 107 · 2025: 131 · 2024: 169 · 2023: 143 · 2022: 145 · 2021: 126 · 2020: 109 · 2019: 74 · 2018: 78 · 2017: 52 · 2016: 46 · 2015: 47 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 4.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- Locations
- The Lancet (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Nottingham ePrints (University of Nottingham) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Sensory Systems › Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › Noise Effects and Management
- Keywords
- tinnitus, hearing loss, ototoxic drugs, traumatic brain injury, depression, anxiety, sound therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, counseling, hearing aids, tinnitus treatment
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Counseling, Humans, Tinnitus, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
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