Cited by 704Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular HealthGenetic Associations and EpidemiologyNutrition, Genetics, and Disease

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 45 of the 46 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Genetic risk, coronary heart disease events, and the clinical benefit of statin therapy: an analysis of primary and secondary prevention trials

Open access

Mega, Jessica L, Stitziel, Nathan O, Smith, J Gustav, Chasman, Daniel I, Caulfield, Mark J, Devlin, James J, Nordio, Francesco, Hyde, Craig L, Cannon, Christopher P, Sacks, Frank M, Poulter, Neil R, Sever, Peter S, Ridker, Paul M, Braunwald, Eugene, Melander, Olle, Kathiresan, Sekar, Sabatine, Marc S·2015·The Lancet

DOI 10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61730-xPMC PMC4608367

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Background Genetic variants have been associated with the risk of coronary heart disease. In this study, we tested whether or not a composite of these variants could ascertain the risk of both incident and recurrent coronary heart disease events and identify those individuals who derive greater clinical benefit from statin therapy.Methods A community-based cohort study (the Malmo Diet and Cancer Study) and four randomised controlled trials of both primary prevention (JUPITER and ASCOT) and secondary prevention (CARE and PROVE IT-TIMI 22) with statin therapy, comprising a total of 48,421 individuals and 3477 events, were included in these analyses. We studied the association of a genetic risk score based on 27 genetic variants with incident or recurrent coronary heart disease, adjusting for traditional clinical risk factors. We then investigated the relative and absolute risk reductions in coronary heart disease events with statin therapy stratified by genetic risk. We combined data from the different studies using a meta-analysis.Findings When individuals were divided into low (quintile 1), intermediate (quintiles 2-4), and high (quintile 5) genetic risk categories, a significant gradient in risk for incident or recurrent coronary heart disease was shown. Compared with the low genetic risk category, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio for coronary heart disease for the intermediate genetic risk category was 1·34 (95% CI 1·22-1·47, p<0·0001) and that for the high genetic risk category was 1·72 (1·55-1·92, p<0·0001). In terms of the benefit of statin therapy in the four randomised trials, we noted a significant gradient (p=0·0277) of increasing relative risk reductions across the low (13%), intermediate (29%), and high (48%) genetic risk categories. Similarly, we noted greater absolute risk reductions in those individuals in higher genetic risk categories (p=0·0101), resulting in a roughly threefold decrease in the number needed to treat to prevent one coronary heart disease event in the primary prevention trials. Specifically, in the primary prevention trials, the number needed to treat to prevent one such event in 10 years was 66 in people at low genetic risk, 42 in those at intermediate genetic risk, and 25 in those at high genetic risk in JUPITER, and 57, 47, and 20, respectively, in ASCOT.Interpretation A genetic risk score identified individuals at increased risk for both incident and recurrent coronary heart disease events. People with the highest burden of genetic risk derived the largest relative and absolute clinical benefit from statin therapy.Funding National Institutes of Health.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61730-x

Cites

45 of 45 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

1 retracted

Reduced dietary salt for the prevention of cardiovascular disease
Taylor, R. S., Ashton, K. E., Moxham, T., Hooper, L., & Ebrahim, S. B. J. (2013) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009217.pub2 · Cited by 311
Retracted
The Effect of Pravastatin on Coronary Events after Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Average Cholesterol Levels
Sacks, F. M., Pfeffer, M. A., Moye, L. A., Rouleau, J. L., Rutherford, J. D., Cole, T. G., Brown, L., Warnica, J. W., Arnold, J. M. O., Wun, C.-C., et al. (1996) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199610033351401 · Cited by 7,439
Self-citation
MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20 536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebocontrolled trial
(2002) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)09327-3 · Cited by 6,992
Rosuvastatin to Prevent Vascular Events in Men and Women with Elevated C-Reactive Protein
Ridker, P. M., Danielson, E., Fonseca, F. A. H., Genest, J., Gotto, A. M., Kastelein, J. J. P., Koenig, W., Libby, P., Lorenzatti, A. J., MacFadyen, J. G., et al. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0807646 · Cited by 6,674
Self-citation
Efficacy and safety of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol: a meta-analysis of data from 170 000 participants in 26 randomised trials
Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Collaboration (2010) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(10)61350-5 · Cited by 6,550
Intensive versus Moderate Lipid Lowering with Statins after Acute Coronary Syndromes
Cannon, C. P., Braunwald, E., McCabe, C. H., Rader, D. J., Rouleau, J. L., Belder, R., Joyal, S. V., Hill, K. A., Pfeffer, M. A., & Skene, A. M. (2004) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa040583 · Cited by 4,938
Self-citation
Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-average cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial—Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial
Sever, P., Dahlöf, B., Poulter, N. R., Wedel, H., Beevers, G., Caulfield, M. J., Collins, R., Kjeldsen, S. E., Kristinsson, A., McInnes, G. T., et al. (2003) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)12948-0 · Cited by 3,790
Self-citation
Rosuvastatin to Prevent Vascular Events in Men and Women With Elevated C-Reactive Protein
Ridker, P. M., Danielson, E., Fonseca, F. A. H., Genest, J. J., Gotto, A. M., Kastelein, J. J. P., Köenig, W., Libby, P., Lorenzatti, A. J., MacFadyen, J. G., et al. (2009) · Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey · doi:10.1097/01.ogx.0000344393.60303.0a · Cited by 3,641
Self-citation
The effects of lowering LDL cholesterol with statin therapy in people at low risk of vascular disease: meta-analysis of individual data from 27 randomised trials
Collaborators, C. T. T. (. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)60367-5 · Cited by 2,833
Statins for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
Taylor, F., Huffman, M. D., Macedo, A. F., Moore, T. H., Burke, M., Davey Smith, G., Ward, K., Ebrahim, S., & Gay, H. C. (2013) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd004816.pub5 · Cited by 1,934

Show all 46 references

Sorted by citations

Items 601–700 of 704

Prediction of response to lipid-lowering treatments
Tomlinson, B., Chan, P., & Liu, Z. (2018) · Expert Review of Precision Medicine and Drug Development · doi:10.1080/23808993.2018.1526080
Personalized Approach to Statin Selection in Primary Prevention: Genetic Risk Scores Vs Imaging Risk Scores
Cesena, F. Y., & Bittencourt, M. S. (2018) · Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports · doi:10.1007/s12170-018-0591-8
Prehypertension in the Era of Personalized Medicine in 2017
Hamet, P., Haloui, M., & Tremblay, J. (2018) · Updates in hypertension and cardiovascular protection · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-75310-2_41
2018 Curt Stern Award Address
Kathiresan, S. (2019) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.02.011
Self-citation
Prévention de la dépendance liée au vieillissement
Michel, J., DREUX, C., Vacheron, A., Bègué, P., Cabanis, E. A., Charpentier, B., DREUX, C., Dubousset, J., Dubois, G., Duhamel, J. F., et al. (2015) · Bulletin de l Académie Nationale de Médecine · doi:10.1016/s0001-4079(19)30826-x
Investigating the Effect of Home Nursing Care on Lifestyle Modifications and Medication Compliance in Patients after Myocardial Infarction
Safari, M., & Monajjem, M. M. (2019) · International journal of body, mind and culture · doi:10.22122/ijbmc.v6i2.168
Genetische Grundlagen der Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung
Grimm, O., Kranz, T. M., & Reif, A. (2019) · Nervenheilkunde · doi:10.1055/a-0962-1001
Immune System and Mind-Body Medicine: An Overview
Calvillo, L., & Parati, G. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-28008-6_9
Polygenic risk score as a key factor in cardiovascular clinical prediction models
Brión, M., González‐Juanatey, J. R., & Carracedo, Á. (2020) · Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.rec.2020.01.003
Human Genome Editing: Formation of International Principles of Legal Regulation
ПЕСТРИКОВА, А. А. (2020) · Actual Problems of Russian Law · doi:10.17803/1994-1471.2020.111.2.159-165
La puntuación de riesgo poligénico como factor clave en los modelos de predicción clínica cardiovascular
Brión, M., González‐Juanatey, J. R., & Carracedo, Á. (2020) · Revista Española de Cardiología · doi:10.1016/j.recesp.2020.01.009
Anticoagulation After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Perfect Clinical Scenario for Genetics-Based Precision Medicine
Brown, S. C., Sheth, K. N., & Falcone, G. J. (2020) · Pharmacogenomics · doi:10.2217/pgs-2019-0181
Cellular and Molecular Basis of Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Practice and Applications to Personalized Medicine
Guillod, P., & Sabouri, A. S. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-53525-4_14
Sex, Age and Gene Interactions in Cardiometabolic Diseases
Hamet, P., Hızel, C., & Tremblay, J. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-58677-5_10
Comprehensive assessment of variants of cytochrome system, APOE and SLCO1B1 genes, potentially affecting the action of statins
Zyatenkova, E. V., Ershova, A. I., Meshkov, A. N., Kiseleva, A. V., Климушина, М. В., Скирко, О. П., Блохина, А. В., Сергеевна, П. М., & Drapkina, O. M. (2020) · Nauchno-prakticheskii zhurnal «Medicinskaia genetika» · doi:10.25557/2073-7998.2020.05.71-73
Primary prevention of coronary artery disease based on genetic prediction
Roberts, R., & Chang, C. C. (2020) · Health and Primary Care · doi:10.15761/hpc.1000185
Frau Doktor, kennen Sie die Rote Reishefe? Fallberichte und Literaturübersicht
Rau, M., Köppel-Fürer, K., & Knechtle, B. (2021) · Praxis · doi:10.1024/1661-8157/a003617
Genetic risk stratification, pivotal to precluding the CAD pandemic
Roberts, R. (2021) · The Journal of Cardiovascular Aging · doi:10.20517/jca.2021.05
Genetics - Predisposition and Application to Primary Preventions of CAD
Roberts, M. D. M. R., Jacques Fair, B. S., Murphy, B. S. D., & Roberts, A. M. (2021) · International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science · doi:10.23958/ijirms/vol06-i09/1170
Risk Stratification for Adverse Events after Carotid Endarterectomy
Timmerman, N. (2021) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) · doi:10.33540/917
Genomic Risk Prediction of Recurrent Cardiovascular Diseases in the UK BiobankPreprint
Ye, Y., Hu, J., Pang, F., Cui, C., & Zhao, H. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3942125
A study of correlation of PCSK9 enzyme levels in patients with coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus
Balaji Venkateshwaran., M. (2021) · Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research · doi:10.18535/jmscr/v9i11.39
Relationship between genomic risk scores (GRS) and coronary artery calcium (CAC) score: A pilot study
Chaganti, B. T., Kinninger, A., Cherukuri, L., Birudaraju, D., Lakshmanan, S., Hamal, S. A., Flores, F. R., Dailing, C., Ahmad, K., Trine, R., et al. (2021) · Clinical Nutrition ESPEN · doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.11.029
Write an exercise Rx to improve patients' cardiorespiratory fitness
Kampert (2021) · The Journal of Family Practice · doi:10.12788/jfp.0323
Competing analytical strategies of combining associated SNPs for estimating genetic risks
Majumdar, A., & Ghosh, S. (2022) · Journal of Genetics · doi:10.1007/s12041-021-01349-4
Genetics of (Premature) Coronary Artery Disease
Erdmann, J., & Schunkert, H. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-44203-7_22
Genetics of (Premature) Coronary Artery Disease
Erdmann, J., & Schunkert, H. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-45457-9_24
Cardiovascular Genomics
Wilkinson, M. J. (2020) · Contemporary cardiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-56514-5_4
Genetics
Arvanitis, M., Post, W. S., & Battle, A. J. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-75055-8_3
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Genome-wide polygenic scores for common diseases identify individuals with risk equivalent to monogenic mutations.
Desch, K. C. (2019) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.733802301.793557830
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Genome-wide polygenic scores for common diseases identify individuals with risk equivalent to monogenic mutations.
Lachance, J. (2018) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.733802301.793550460
https://researchopenworld.com/comprehensive-risk-genetic-and-acquired-stratification-for-primary-prevention-of-cad-genetic-risk-of-cad/#
(2020) · doi:10.31038/jmg.2020315
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Genome-wide polygenic scores for common diseases identify individuals with risk equivalent to monogenic mutations.
Barroso, I., & Wheeler, E. (2018) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.733802301.793550092
Concurrent administration of amiodarone and atenolol in the treatment of coronary artery disease complicated with arrhythmia, and its effect on serum levels of CD40L, TNF-α and IL-6
Li, D., Tang, C., Xu, L., Jin, X., Wu, J., Ran, J., & Chen, A. (2022) · Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.4314/tjpr.v21i5.23
Dissecting the polygenic basis of atherosclerosis using disease associated cell state signaturesPreprint
Örd, T., Lönnberg, T., Ravindran, A., Niskanen, H., Kiema, M., Õunap, K., Maria, M., Moreau, P. R., Mishra, P. P., Palani, S., et al. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1775130/v1
Polygenic Risk Scores
Christoffersen, M., & Tybjærg‐Hansen, A. (2022) · Contemporary cardiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98824-1_21
Genetic Risk Stratification and the Primary Prevention of Coronary Artery Disease
Fair, J., Acuna, E., & Roberts, R. (2022) · Medical Research Archives · doi:10.18103/mra.v10i8.3039
Genetic lipid disorders, the APOE gene and Familial Dysbetalipoproteinemia
Heidemann, B. E. (2022) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) · doi:10.33540/1408
MECHANISMS OF THE INFLUENCE OF SODIUM-GLUCOSE COTRANSPORTER-2 INHIBITORS ON LDL RECEPTOR FUNCTION AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN TYPE 2 DM (literature review)
Кушнарьова, Н. М., Zinych, О. В., Ковальчук, А., Prybyla, О. В., & Shyshkan-Shyshova, К. О. (2022) · World Science · doi:10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30092022/7872
Context matters
de Vries, D. H. (2022) · University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) · doi:10.33612/diss.255266474
Leveraging statistical genetics approaches to explore skin cancer risk, prediction, causation and survival
Seviiri, M. (2022) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.236969
Effect of Fastigial Nucleus Stimulation on Serum Inflammatory Factors in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease
Wensong, L., Zicheng, Z., & Run-feng, Z. (2022) · Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences · doi:10.37871/jbres1584
Secondary Prevention Using Cholesterol-Lowering Medications in Patients with Prior Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Events: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Han, X., Fox, S., Chu, M. V. C. T. G., & McCombs, J. (2022) · Journal of health economics and outcomes research · doi:10.36469/jheor.2022.28934
Genetische Risikoprofile in der Depressionsbehandlung
Schulte, E. (2023) · InFo Neurologie + Psychiatrie · doi:10.1007/s15005-022-3155-x
The Role of Certain Polymorphic Variants in Genes, Previously Associated with Blood Pressure Values, with Reference to the Risk of Development of Coronary Artery Disease
Yaneva-Sirakova, T., Kaneva, R. P., Tzveova, R., Bozhilova, R., Popov, I. E., Shumkova, M., Hristova, I., & Vassilev, D. I. (2022) · Acta Medica Bulgarica · doi:10.2478/amb-2022-0034
The Clinical Utility of Genetic Risk Scores Following Myocardial Infarction
Northcott, H. (2016) · doi:10.26686/wgtn.17061737.v1
Polygenic Risk Scores
Palmisano, B. T., & Knowles, J. W. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-88286-6.00007-8
Expanded sources for precision medicine
Johnson, D. K., & Williams, M. S. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-91200-6.00028-0
Genetic Risk Stratification Will Enhance Primary Prevention of Coronary Artery Disease
Roberts, R., & Acuna, E. (2023) · Medical Research Archives · doi:10.18103/mra.v11i7.1.4063
Bibliography
(2023) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/15380.003.0024
A REVIEW ON THE IMPACT OF HUMAN GENETICS ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
Subhani, N., Hussain, F., & Sial, T. G. (2023) · doi:10.53555/jptcp.v30i18.3500
CETP RS247616 POLYMORPHISM IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE AND CORONARY HEART DISEASE: TRAITS OF LIPID METABOLISM AND EFFECTIVENESS OF STATIN THERAPY
Khazova, E. V., Bulashova, O. V., Валерьевна, В. Е., & MALKOVA, M. I. (2023) · The Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine · doi:10.20969/vskm.2023.16(6).67-77
Selphi: Empowering GWAS Discovery through Enhanced Genotype ImputationPreprint
Marino, A. D., Mahmoud, A. A., Bohn, S., Lerga-Jaso, J., Novković, B., Manson, C., Loguercio, S., Terpolovsky, A., Matushyn, M., Torkamani, A., et al. (2023) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2023.12.18.23300143
VI. Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease from the Perspective of Genetics
Tada, H. (2023) · Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi · doi:10.2169/naika.112.194
CONTRIBUIÇÃO DA GENÉTICA HUMANA PARA COMPREENSÃO E ABORDAGEM DAS DOENÇAS CARDIOVASCULARES
Leite, C. C., Carneiro, C. L. F., Bona, C. R. M., Silva, F. D. S., Dias, H. L. M., Sousa, O. D. S. E., Ramos, T. M. F., & Borba, V. R. R. (2024) · EPITAYA eBooks · doi:10.47879/ed.ep.2024264p653
The Genetic Risk Score with Variants at PDGFs and PDGFRB for the Risk of Major Cardiovascular Adverse Events in Patients with Coronary Artery DiseasePreprint
Xu, X., Li, W., Liu, F., Chen, C., Xie, H., Wang, F., Han, X., Zhuang, Q., Zhao, X., Sun, J., et al. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4322945/v1
Does Adding Single‐Nucleotide Polymorphisms to Risk Algorithms Improve Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction in Rheumatoid Arthritis? An Internal and External Validation of a Clinical Risk Score
Agca, R., Popa, C. D., Heymans, M. W., Crusius, B., Voskuyl, A. E., & Nurmohamed, M. T. (2024) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/acr.25382
Predictieve genetische DNA-tests zijn vrijwel nutteloos
Finoulst, M., & Vankrunkelsven, P. (2024) · Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde · doi:10.47671/tvg.80.24.067
Cardiovascular pharmacogenomics – Molecular basis of protective and adverse drug response
du Toit, C., Kassi, M., & Padmanabhan, S. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-822951-4.00012-6
Statistical Methods in Genetic Epidemiology
Scherag, A., Thomas, D., & Bickeböller, H. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6625-3_62-1
Understanding the causes and consequences of low statin adherence: evidence from UK Biobank primary care dataPreprint
Türkmen, D., Liang, X., Masoli, J. A. H., Gill, D., Pilling, L. C., & Bowden, J. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.01.23.25321011
A Genetic Test to Identify People at High Risk of Heart Failure
Ge, X., Brittain, B., Dawson, L. P., Dwivedi, G., Kaye, D. M., & Morahan, G. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26041782
Endothelial cell-mediated risk of CAD could be used to target lipid-lowering therapy
(2025) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-025-03553-6
Unveiling the Biochemical Mechanisms of Aging and the Implications of Oxidative Stress on Cellular Senescence through Multi-Omics Analysis of FibroblastsPreprint
Mandal, R., Xie, N., & Alterovitz, G. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.05.17.654671
Polygenic Risk Score in Clinical Practice: A Review
Tummala, K. (2025) · Indian Journal of Clinical Cardiology · doi:10.1177/26324636251360044
Decoding Aging: Multi-Omics Insights into Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Cellular Senescence in Fibroblasts
Mandal, R., Xie, N., & Alterovitz, G. (2025) · IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (CIBCB) · doi:10.1109/cibcb66090.2025.11177115
Clinical validation of a statin-benefit polygenic score using real-world cohorts of primary prevention participantsPreprint
Haldar, T., Lee, K. M., Teerlink, C. C., Iyer, K. R., Voorhees, A. L., Najera, J. A., Toda, N., Lü, M., Douglas, M. P., Popejoy, A. B., et al. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.10.09.25337698
A polygenic risk score improves the prediction of cardiovascular risk associated with obstructive sleep-apneaPreprint
Thorball, C. W., Waeber, A., Solelhac, G., Hodel, F., Imler, T., Heiniger, G., Harpe, R. D. L., Marques-Vidal, P. M., Vollenweider, P., Fellay, J., et al. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.64898/2025.12.08.25341829
Additional file 2 of Genetic susceptibility, elevated blood pressure, and risk of atrial fibrillation: a Mendelian randomization study
Nazarzadeh, M., Pinho‐Gomes, A., Bidel, Z., Canoy, D., Dehghan, A., Smith Byrne, K., Bennett, D. A., Smith, G. D., & Rahimi, K. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14168440
Additional file 1 of Genetic susceptibility, elevated blood pressure, and risk of atrial fibrillation: a Mendelian randomization study
Nazarzadeh, M., Pinho‐Gomes, A., Bidel, Z., Canoy, D., Dehghan, A., Smith Byrne, K., Bennett, D. A., Smith, G. D., & Rahimi, K. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14168434
Additional file 1 of CYP4V2 rs56413992 C > T was associated with the risk of coronary heart disease in the Chinese Han population: a case–control study
Huang, K., Ma, T., Li, Q., Zhong, Z., Zhou, Y., Zhang, W., Qin, T., Tang, S., Zhong, J., & Lu, S. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24779193
Additional file 3 of Genetic susceptibility, elevated blood pressure, and risk of atrial fibrillation: a Mendelian randomization study
Nazarzadeh, M., Pinho‐Gomes, A., Bidel, Z., Canoy, D., Dehghan, A., Smith Byrne, K., Bennett, D. A., Smith, G. D., & Rahimi, K. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14168443
Additional file 1 of Mutated CYP17A1 promotes atherosclerosis and early-onset coronary artery disease
Wu, T.-T., Zheng, Y.-Y., Ma, X., Xiu, W.-J., Yang, H.-T., Hou, X., Yang, Y., Chen, Y., Ma, Y.-T., & Xie, X. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26600278
Enhanced Risk Prediction for Coronary Heart Disease by Leveraging Polygenic Risk Score and Clinical Risk Score in European Hypertensive Adults
Shen, S., Wang, Y., & Hu, Y.-Q. (2025) · Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease · doi:10.3390/jcdd12120454
Longitudinal modelling reveals widespread non-additive genetic effects underlying developmental plasticityPreprint
Porneso, R. P. O., Havdahl, A., Eilertsen, E. M., & Ystrøm, E. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2025.12.19.695443
Genetic Screening for Detecting Individuals at Elevated Risk of Heart Failure
Nguyen, T. R., Moore, D. K., & White, J. A. (2022) · Bulletin of pioneering researches of medical and clinical science · doi:10.51847/xefktogquq
Apport des études d’association génome entier dans les pathologies cardiaques à risque de mort subite
Ruffier, L., & Barc, J. (2026) · Archives des Maladies du Coeur et des Vaisseaux - Pratique · doi:10.1016/j.amcp.2026.02.007
A polygenic risk score modifies the cardiovascular risk associated with obstructive sleep apnea
Thorball, C. W., Waeber, A., Solelhac, G., Hodel, F., Imler, T., Heiniger, G., Harpe, R. D. L., Marques-Vidal, P. M., Vollenweider, P., Fellay, J., et al. (2026) · SLEEP Advances · doi:10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag037
Development of an Integrated Monogenic and Polygenic Risk Assessment Tool for Coronary Artery Disease and Its Application in a Community-Based Health Care Biobank
Xu, J., Shi, Z., Khetarpal, S. A., Mulford, A. J., Siddiqui, O., Tran, H., Wei, J., Ashworth, A., Zheng, S. L., Duggan, D. J., et al. (2026) · Circulation Genomic and Precision Medicine · doi:10.1161/circgen.125.005494
Monogenic Testing and Polygenic Risk Scores
Agrawal, S., Wand, H., Ison, H. E., & Knowles, J. W. (2026) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2026.03.064
Denture use is associated with a higher risk of cholelithiasis: a prospective cohort study
Li, P., Zhao, J., Mi, N., He, W., An, Z., Wei, C., Chen, S., Wang, X., Gao, L., Lin, Y., et al. (2026) · BMC Oral Health · doi:10.1186/s12903-026-08648-1
Genetics and Insurance
Kana, S. L., & Leivant, M. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-90919-1_6-1
The Role of Some LPL Gene Polymorphisms with Cardiovascular Disease
Mathew, E. G., Nagervadze, M., Khukhunaishvili, R., Koridze, M., & Tskvitinidze, S. (2026) · WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON BIOLOGY AND BIOMEDICINE · doi:10.37394/23208.2026.23.18
The interplay of genetics and modifiable risk in atherosclerosis
Schunkert, H. (2026) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2026.120727
Pragmatic trial assessing polygenic risk driven statin therapy for cardiovascular disease prevention: study protocol for the EE-PRS trial
Põld, A., Elken, A., Viigimaa, M., Kalda, R., Fischer, K., Toompere, K., Irs, A., Milani, L. A., Alavere, H., Pajusalu, S., et al. (2026) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2026-120048
Consenso multisocietario mexicano sobre la integración del riesgo poligénico en la estratificación del riesgo cardiovascular: implicaciones para la medicina cardiovascular de precisión en México
Parcero-Valdés, J. J., Magaña-Serrano, A., Arias‐Mendoza, A., Narváez-Oríani, C. A., Altamirano-Cardoso, E., Barrios, V., Díaz-Barreiro, L. A., López, A. A. P., & Gómez-Álvarez, E. (2026) · Cardiovascular and Metabolic Science · doi:10.35366/123178
Beyond event-rate enrichment: proteomic risk scores for mechanism-aware prevention trial designPreprint
Fieggen, J., Simond, G., Segal, B., Noori, A., Thakurta, A., Butler, C., Clifton, D. A., & Clifton, L. (2026) · medRxiv · doi:10.64898/2026.06.09.26355266
Translating genome-wide association studies at multiple scales: Drug target prioritization, cellular architectures, and organ imaging
Felici, B., Chen, S., Yuan, M., Jiang, X., Ip, S. H. Y., Rudd, J. H. F., & Inouye, M. (2026) · Cell Genomics · doi:10.1016/j.xgen.2026.101282
Beyond Risk Prediction: Polygenic Risk Scores for Coronary Artery Disease and the Realities of Primary Care
Ivanova, N. G. (2026) · Konuralp Tıp Dergisi · doi:10.18521/ktd.1882189
Utility of a coronary artery disease polygenic risk score in a low-risk primary prevention cohort
Bertot, J. H., Melloni, G. E. M., Pirruccello, J. P., Kamanu, F., Lai, Y.-P., Ellinor, P. T., Sabatine, M. S., Ruff, C. T., & Marston, N. (2026) · American Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpc.2026.101722
Self-citation
Mapping the continuum: polygenic risk of coronary artery disease
Kavousi, M., Inouye, M., & Schunkert, H. (2026) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwag160
Association of rs4977574 with Lipid Phenotypes, Smoking Status, and Statin Exposure in a Saudi Cardiovascular Cohort: A Sensitivity-Adjusted Genetic Association Study
Bogari, N. M., Naffadi, H. M., Essa, L. I., Amin, A. A., Obaid, R., & Allam, R. M. (2026) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm15135237
Improving Polygenic Risk Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in East Asian Populations
He, J.-T., Shen, X., Wang, M.-X., Gu, D.-F., & Lu, X.-F. (2026) · JACC: Asia · doi:10.1016/j.jacasi.2026.04.038
Polygenic Prediction of Non-goal Response to Statin Therapy
Liou, L., García‐González, J., Wu, H. M., Namba, S., Vaura, F. C., Okada, Y., Kovacic, J. C., & O’Reilly, P. F. (2026) · Circulation Genomic and Precision Medicine · doi:10.1161/circgen.125.005666
Baseline Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography and Polygenic Risk Profiles in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross‐Sectional Analysis From the VOLTAIRE Study
Chen, R. T., Nelson, A. J., Zoungas, S., Clark, R. A., Tan, S., Davis, E., Southey, M. C., Lin, A., Giovanni, G. D., Fujino, M., et al. (2026) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.71072
Using a translational data platform to create clinical-grade genome-informed risk assessments
Morse, J. L., He, M., Bangash, H., Chung, W. K., Cortopassi, J. B., Forman, S., Gordon, A. S., Hamed, M., Harris, P. A., Karlson, E. W., et al. (2026) · JAMIA Open · doi:10.1093/jamiaopen/ooag118
Polygenic Risk Scores in Cardiovascular Prevention: Clinical Promise, Implementation Challenges, and Genomic Risk Stewardship
Banjer, H. J. (2026) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.112566
High Polygenic Risk of CAD Is Similar to That of Diabetes or Ischemic Stroke
Hammoura, R., Åkerlund, M., Mengelbier, L. H., & Melander, O. (2026) · JACC Advances · doi:10.1016/j.jacadv.2026.103156
Self-citation
Dyslipidaemia: Pathophysiology, Epidemiology, Diagnostic Advances, and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies
Qadir, A. M., Omer, R. A., Barzani, H. A. H., & Sulaiman, S. H. (2026) · Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1134/s1068162025603581
Genetic and Conventional Risk Stratification Are Complementary for Primary Prevention of CAD
Roberts, R., & Roberts, M. (2026) · Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal · doi:10.14797/mdcvj.1851

Authors: Mega, J. L., Stitziel, N. O., Smith, J. G., Chasman, D. I., Caulfield, M. J., Devlin, J. J., Nordio, F., Hyde, C. L., Cannon, C. P., Sacks, F. M., Poulter, N. R., Sever, P. S., Ridker, P. M., Braunwald, E., Melander, O., Kathiresan, S., & Sabatine, M. S.
Affiliations: Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
Washington University in St. Louis (US)
Broad Institute (US)
Queen Mary University of London (GB)
Quest Diagnostics (United States) (US)
Pfizer (United States) (US)
Imperial College London (GB)
Lund University (SE)
Corresponding author: Mega, Jessica L
Stitziel, Nathan O
ORCID: Mega, Jessica L
Stitziel, Nathan O
Chasman, Daniel I
Caulfield, Mark J
Hyde, Craig L
Cannon, Christopher P
Sacks, Frank M
Poulter, Neil R
Ridker, Paul M
Melander, Olle
Kathiresan, Sekar
Sabatine, Marc S
Venue: The Lancet
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2015-06
Volume: 385
Issue: 9984
Pages: 2264-2271
ISSN: 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
0140-6736
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61730-x
PMC: PMC4608367
OpenAlex: W2171705978
Cited by: 704
References: 46
Citations by year: 2026: 40 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 51 · 2023: 69 · 2022: 78 · 2021: 83 · 2020: 78 · 2019: 59 · 2018: 62 · 2017: 53 · 2016: 57 · 2015: 25
FWCI: 12.58
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: The Lancet (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (acceptedVersion)
Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
Spiral (Imperial College London) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (RC1 HL099634)
NIH and the NHLBI (grant K08 HL114642)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
Keywords: coronary artery disease, polygenic risk score, genetic variants, statin therapy, primary prevention, secondary prevention, number needed to treat, risk stratification, JUPITER trial, ASCOT trial, CARE trial, PROVE IT-TIMI 22, recurrent cardiovascular events, Malmö Diet and Cancer Study, cardiovascular risk prediction, treatment benefit stratification, LDL cholesterol lowering
MeSH terms: Coronary Disease, Humans, Primary Prevention, Recurrence, Treatment Outcome, Risk Assessment, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Secondary Prevention, Numbers Needed To Treat

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Genetic risk, coronary heart disease events, and the clinical benefit of statin therapy: an analysis of primary and secondary prevention trials

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks