CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 208Retinal Development and DisordersRetinal Diseases and TreatmentsRetinal Imaging and Analysis

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Retinal Photoreceptor Density Decreases with Age

Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Jonas, Jost B., Jakobczyk-Zmija, Martha·1995·Ophthalmology
DOI 10.1016/s0161-6420(95)30784-1
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Purpose To evaluate the effect of age on the density of retinal photoreceptors in humans.Methods Fifty-five normal eyes from human donors, with a mean age of 58.7 +/- 19.1 years and an axial length of less than 27 mm, were examined. After opening of the globes by a 16-mm corneoscleral trephination, 25 retinal tissue samples were obtained in four meridians. The photoreceptors were counted on photographs taken from the photoreceptor inner segments after sonographic removal of the outer segments. The cones in the foveal center could not be evaluated.Results Outside the foveal center, the photoreceptor density decreased significantly with increasing age. In absolute and relative terms, the decline was more marked for the rods (mean rod loss, 236 +/- 63 cells or 0.37% +/- 0.10%/mm2 and year of a mean density of 62.987 rods/mm2) than for the cones (mean cone loss, 5.90 +/- 0.68 cells or 0.18% +/- 0.02%/mm2 and year of a mean density of 3320 +/- 578 cones/mm2). For both cones and rods, the cell loss was more marked at an eccentricity of approximately 5-8 mm than in the retinal periphery at an eccentricity of 14 to 20 mm. There were no significant differences between the superior, inferior, temporal, or nasal meridian nor between women and men.Conclusions The photoreceptors decrease in density with increasing age. The annual cell loss of approximately 0.2% to 0.4% is similar to the age-related loss of retinal ganglion cells and pigment epithelium cells. The decline in photoreceptor count affects more rods than cones. It does not prefer special age groups. It is more pronounced at an eccentricity of 5 to 8 mm than in the retinal periphery at an eccentricity of more than 14 mm. It may be important for an age-related decrease in visual functions and for diseases affecting the photoreceptors in elderly patients.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s0161-6420(95)30784-1

Cites

35 of 35 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 208

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Panda-Jonas, S., Jonas, J. B., & Jakobczyk-Zmija, M.
Affiliations
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE)
Corresponding author
Jonas, Jost B.
ORCID
Jonas, Jost B.
Venue
Ophthalmology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1995-12
Volume
102
Issue
12
Pages
1853-1859
ISSN
0161-6420 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0161-6420(95)30784-1
OpenAlex
W2058399269
Cited by
208
References
36
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 11
FWCI
0.99
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Ophthalmology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Development and Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Diseases and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Retinal Imaging and Analysis
Keywords
retinal photoreceptors, photoreceptor density, aging, rod photoreceptors, cone photoreceptors, photoreceptor loss, retinal eccentricity, age-related macular degeneration, retinal degeneration
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Cell Count, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Photoreceptor Cells, Retina

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review