The DOI matches its Crossref record; 20 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The morbidity of insomnia uncomplicated by psychiatric disorders
Open accessAbstract
The morbidity of sleep problems has been well documented; however, they are frequently associated with and are symptomatic of several psychiatric disorders. It is unclear how much of the morbidity can be accounted for by the associated psychiatric and substance abuse disorders and medical problems, and how much by the sleep problems per se. Sleep problems may also be an early sign of a psychiatric problem. This paper reports data from an epidemiologic community survey of over 10,000 adults living in three U.S. communities. A structured diagnostic assessment of psychiatric disorders as well as assessment of the presence of insomnia not due to medical conditions, medication, drug or alcohol abuse, and a 1-year follow-up were completed. Persons with insomnia in the past year without any psychiatric disorders ever (uncomplicated insomnia); with a psychiatric disorder in the past year (complicated insomnia); and with neither insomnia nor psychiatric disorders ever were compared on treatment utilization and the first onset of a psychiatric disorder in the subsequent year. Eight percent of those with uncomplicated as compared with 14.9% with complicated insomnia and 2.5% with neither had sought treatment from the general medical sector for emotional problems in the 6 months prior to the interview. The rates of treatment sought from the psychiatric specialty sector were 3.8%, 9.4%, and 1.2%, respectively. These differences were significant after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and were sustained when the persons were interviewed 1 year later. Uncomplicated insomnia was also associated with an increase in risk for first onset of major depression, panic disorder, and alcohol abuse over the following year. Insomnia, even in the absence of psychiatric disorders, is associated with increased use of general medical and mental health treatment for emotional problems and for the subsequent first onset in the following year of some psychiatric disorders. Early diagnosis and treatment of uncomplicated insomnia may be useful.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In addition, it also demonstrates that insomnia can be a risk factor for the development of depression [51].”
From Non-Pharmacological Treatment of Insomnia (2012) · cites this paper as [51]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845
The Occurrence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing among Middle-Aged Adults
Young, T., Palta, M., Dempsey, J., Skatrud, J., Weber, S., & Badr, S. (1993) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199304293281704 · Cited by 10,183
Robins, L. N. (1981) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1981.01780290015001 · Cited by 5,219
Epidemiologic Research: Principles and Quantitative Methods.
Mayer, L. S., Kleinbaum, D. G., Kupper, L. L., & Morgenstern, H. (1984) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2288427 · Cited by 2,905
Psychiatric disorders in America: the epidemiologic catchment area study
(1991) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.28-5931 · Cited by 2,561
Epidemiologic study of sleep disturbances and psychiatric disorders. An opportunity for prevention?
Ford, D. E. (1989) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.262.11.1479 · Cited by 2,440
Epidemiologic Study of Sleep Disturbances and Psychiatric Disorders: An Opportunity for Prevention?
Ford, D. E. (1989) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1989.03430110069030 · Cited by 2,252
Epidemiologic Research: Principles and Quantitative Methods.
Pocock, S., Kleinbaum, D. G., Kupper, L. L., & Morgenstern, H. (1983) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2531133 · Cited by 1,893
Insomnia and Its Treatment: Prevalence and Correlates
Mellinger, G. D. (1985) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1985.01790260019002 · Cited by 1,071
Prevalence of sleep disorders in the Los Angeles metropolitan area
Bixler, E. O., Kales, A., Soldatos, C. R., Kales, J. D., & Healey, S. (1979) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.136.10.1257 · Cited by 889
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Liljenberg, 1989, Affective disturbance and insomnia: a population study, Eur J Psychiatry, 3, 91
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Baglioni, C., Battagliese, G., Feige, B., Spiegelhalder, K., Nissen, C., Voderholzer, U., Lombardo, C., & Riemann, D. (2011) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.01.011 · Cited by 2,779
“…and Kamerow 1989 2.10 8.39 Vollrath et al. 1989 2.72 0.14 Brabbins et al. 1993 15.45 −3.30 Breslau et al. 1996 2.45 0.04 Chang et al. 1997 4.25 −0.35 Weissman et al. 1997 1.89 2.58 Foley et al. 1999 13.65 −1.52 Johnson et al. 2000 0.48 −0.41 Mallon et al. 2000 3.25 1.05 Roberts et al. 2000 5.03…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialRecommendations for a standard research assessment of insomnia
Buysse, D. J., Ancoli-Israel, S., Edinger, J. D., Lichstein, K. L., & Morin, C. M. (2006) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/29.9.1155 · Cited by 1,206
Edinger, J. D., Bonnet, M. H., Bootzin, R. R., Doghramji, K., Dorsey, C. M., Espie, C. A., Jamieson, A. O., McCall, W. V., Morin, C. M., & Stepanski, E. J. (2004) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/27.8.1567 · Cited by 1,039
“Figure Caption: Samples were derived from articles with the following reference numbers in the reference list: (13, 29, 43, 44, 46, 47, 51, 56-58, 63, 67, 68, 73, 75-77, 79, 80, 84, 86, 98, 103-105, 112, 113, 119-122, 128, 133, 135, 143, 145, 146, 148, 151-154, 156, 158162, 166, 168, 170, 172-178, 180, 183, 188)”
Epidemiology of Insomnia, Depression, and Anxiety
Taylor, D. J., Lichstein, K. L., Durrence, H. H., Reidel, B. W., & Bush, A. J. (2005) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/28.11.1457 · Cited by 988
Sleep and emotions: a focus on insomnia
Baglioni, C., Spiegelhalder, K., Lombardo, C., & Riemann, D. (2010) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2009.10.007 · Cited by 873
Metadata
- Authors
- Weissman, M. M., Greenwald, S., Niño-Murcia, G., & Dement, W. C.
- Affiliations
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Weissman, Myrna M.
- ORCID
- Weissman, Myrna M.
- Venue
- General Hospital Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1997-07
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 245-250
- ISSN
- 0163-8343 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2077240469
- Cited by
- 415
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 7.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- General Hospital Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (7r01mh040603-05)
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH 40603-01A1)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Keywords
- insomnia, mental illness, major depressive disorder, panic disorder, alcohol abuse, psychiatric treatment utilization, sleep disorders, community survey
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Mental Disorders, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Population Surveillance, Risk Factors, Time Factors, United States, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Case-Control Studies
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
