Cited by 192Prostate Cancer Treatment and ResearchProstate Cancer Diagnosis and TreatmentHormonal and reproductive studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 74 of the 77 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The role of androgens and the androgen receptor in prostate cancer.

Debes, Jose D, Tindall, Donald J·2002·Cancer Letters

DOI 10.1016/s0304-3835(02)00413-5

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the leading diagnosed malignancy in men in western countries. The relationship between androgens and the androgen receptor (AR) has been studied extensively in PCa. Plasma levels of androgens show variations between different populations, and in many cases this correlates with PCa susceptibility. Indeed, exposure of the fetus to higher androgen concentrations appears to be a risk factor for PCa. The AR is present in the majority of PCa, and its activation by androgens leads to different proliferative, apoptotic and angiogenic events. These events are in turn mediated by dysregulation of cyclin-dependent kinases, apoptotic factors and even mutations in the AR. Although androgen ablation has been the mainstay non-surgical treatment for this disease, most tumors will eventually become refractory to treatment. Different cellular mechanisms appear to be involved in the androgen-independent progression of PCa, including cytokine and growth factor-mediated activation of the AR as well as neuroendocrine differentiation. Thus, an understanding of the cellular mechanisms involved in androgen action may lead to better therapeutic targets for PCa.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s0304-3835(02)00413-5

Cites

74 of 74 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Cancer statistics, 2000
Greenlee, R. T., Murray, T., Bolden, S., & Wingo, P. A. (2000) · CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians · doi:10.3322/canjclin.50.1.7 · Cited by 3,850
Campbell's urology
Walsh, M. P. C. (1986) · Cited by 3,466
The development of androgen-independent prostate cancer.
Feldman, B. J., & Feldman, D. (2001) · Nature reviews. Cancer · doi:10.1038/35094009 · Cited by 2,326
Plasma Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Prospective Study
Chan, J. M., Stampfer, M. J., Giovannucci, E. L., Gann, P. H., Ma, J., Wilkinson, P., Hennekens, C. H., & Pollak, M. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.279.5350.563 · Cited by 1,992
STUDIES ON PROSTATIC CANCER
Huggins, C. (1941) · Archives of Surgery · doi:10.1001/archsurg.1941.01210140043004 · Cited by 1,694
Mutation of the Androgen-Receptor Gene in Metastatic Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer
Taplin, M., Bubley, G. J., Shuster, T. D., Frantz, M. E., Spooner, A. E., Ogata, G. K., Keer, H. N., & Balk, S. P. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199505253322101 · Cited by 1,243
The length and location of CAG trinucleotide repeats in the androgen receptor N-terminal domain affect transactivation function
Chamberlain, N. L., Driver, E. D., & Miesfeld, R. L. (1994) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/22.15.3181 · Cited by 1,149
Androgen receptor activation in prostatic tumor cell lines by insulin-like growth factor-I, keratinocyte growth factor, and epidermal growth factor.
Čulig, Z., Hobisch, A., Cronauer, M. V., Radmayr, C., Trapman, J., Hittmair, A., Bartsch, G., & Klocker, H. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 938
Bilateral orchiectomy with or without flutamide for metastatic prostate cancer.
Eisenberger, M. A., Blumenstein, B. A., Crawford, E. D., Miller, G., McLeod, D. G., Loehrer, P. J., Wilding, G., Sears, K., Culkin, D. J., Thompson, I. M., et al. (1998) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199810083391504 · Cited by 859
Selection for androgen receptor mutations in prostate cancers treated with androgen antagonist.
Taplin, M., Bubley, G. J., Ko, Y., Small, E. J., Upton, M. P., Rajeshkumar, B. R., & Balk, S. P. (1999) · PubMed · Cited by 594
Androgen Receptor Signaling in Androgen-Refractory Prostate Cancer
Grossmann, M. E., Huang, H., & Tindall, D. J. (2001) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/93.22.1687 · Cited by 548
Self-citation
5-alpha-reductase activity and risk of prostate cancer among Japanese and US white and black males
Ross, R. K., Bernstein, L., Pike, M. C., Henderson, B. E., Lobo, R., Stanczyk, F. Z., & Shimizu, H. (1992) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(92)90927-u · Cited by 495
The CAG and GGC microsatellites of the androgen receptor gene are in linkage disequilibrium in men with prostate cancer.
Irvine, R. A., Yu, M. C., Ross, R. K., & Coetzee, G. A. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 480
Mutant androgen receptor detected in an advanced-stage prostatic carcinoma is activated by adrenal androgens and progesterone
Čulig, Z., Hobisch, A., Cronauer, M. V., Cato, A. C. B., Hittmair, A., Radmayr, C., Eberle, J., Bartsch, G., & Klocker, H. (1993) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/mend.7.12.8145761 · Cited by 440
Interleukin-6 regulates prostate-specific protein expression in prostate carcinoma cells by activation of the androgen receptor.
Hobisch, A., Eder, I. E., Putz, T., Horninger, W., Bartsch, G. C., Klocker, H., & Čulig, Z. (1998) · PubMed · Cited by 437
Activation of the human androgen receptor through a protein kinase A signaling pathway.
Nazareth, L. V., & Weigel, N. L. (1996) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.271.33.19900 · Cited by 429
Androgen receptor gene mutations in human prostate cancer.
Newmark, J., Hardy, D. O., Tonb, D. C., Carter, B. S., Epstein, J. I., Isaacs, W. B., Brown, T. R., & Barrack, E. R. (1992) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.89.14.6319 · Cited by 419
Interaction of Steroid Hormone Receptors with the Transcription Initiation Complex
Beato, M., & Sánchez‐Pacheco, A. (1996) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv-17-6-587 · Cited by 403
Serum testosterone levels in healthy young black and white men.
Ross, R. K., Bernstein, L., Judd, H. L., Hanisch, R., Pike, M. C., & Henderson, B. E. (1986) · PubMed · Cited by 399
Disruption of androgen receptor function inhibits proliferation of androgen-refractory prostate cancer cells.
Zegarra-Moro, O. L., Schmidt, L. J., Huang, H., & Tindall, D. J. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 395
Self-citation
ELEVATED LEVELS OF CIRCULATING INTERLEUKIN-6 AND TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-beta 1 IN PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC PROSTATIC CARCINOMA
Adler, H. L., McCURDY, M. A., Kattan, M. W., Timme, T. L., Scardino, P. T., & Thompson, T. C. (1999) · The Journal of Urology · doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(01)62092-5 · Cited by 387
The Current State of Hormonal Therapy for Prostate Cancer
Hellerstedt, B. A., & Pienta, K. J. (2002) · CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians · doi:10.3322/canjclin.52.3.154 · Cited by 386
Activation of the androgen receptor N-terminal domain by interleukin-6 via MAPK and STAT3 signal transduction pathways.
Ueda, T., Bruchovsky, N., & Sadar, M. D. (2002) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m108255200 · Cited by 381
Distant metastases from prostatic carcinoma express androgen receptor protein.
Hobisch, A., CULIG, Z., Radmayr, C., Bartsch, G., Klocker, H., & Hittmair, A. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 283
Circulating levels of interleukin-6 in patients with hormone refractory prostate cancer
Drachenberg, D., Elgamal, A. A., Rowbotham, R. K., Peterson, M. K., & Murphy, G. P. (1999) · The Prostate · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0045(19991001)41:2 · Cited by 282
Deregulated expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 in prostate epithelium leads to neoplasia in transgenic mice
DiGiovanni, J., Kiguchi, K., Frijhoff, A. F. W., Wilker, E., Bol, D. K., Beltrán, L., Moats, S., Ramı́rez, Á., Jorcano, J. L., & Conti, C. J. (2000) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.97.7.3455 · Cited by 282
Androgen Metabolism and Prostate Cancer: Establishing a Model of Genetic Susceptibility
Ross, R. K., Coetzee, G. A., Pearce, C., Reichardt, J. K. V., Bretsky, P., Kolonel, L. N., Henderson, B. E., Lander, E. S., Altshuler, D., & Daley, G. Q. (1999) · European Urology · doi:10.1159/000019909 · Cited by 272
A prevalent missense substitution that modulates activity of prostatic steroid 5alpha-reductase.
Makridakis, N. M., Ross, R. K., Pike, M. C., Chang, L. J., Stanczyk, F. Z., Kolonel, L. N., Shi, C., Yu, M. C., Henderson, B. E., & Reichardt, J. K. V. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 251
The early in utero oestrogen and testosterone environment of blacks and whites: potential effects on male offspring
Henderson, B. E., Bernstein, L., Ross, R., Depue, R. H., & Judd, H. L. (1988) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/bjc.1988.46 · Cited by 226
Acquisition of neuroendocrine characteristics by prostate tumor cells is reversible: implications for prostate cancer progression.
Cox, M., Deeble, P. D., Lakhani, S., & Parsons, S. J. (1999) · PubMed · Cited by 224
Codon 877 Mutation in the Androgen Receptor Gene in Advanced Prostate Cancer: Relation to Antiandrogen Withdrawal Syndrome
Suzuki, H., Akakura, K., Komiya, A., Aida, S., Akimoto, S., & Shimazaki, J. (1996) · The Prostate · doi:10.1002/1097-0045(199609)29:3 · Cited by 209
Proteome profiling of bladder squamous cell carcinomas: identification of markers that define their degree of differentiation.
Østergaard, M., Rasmussen, H. H., Nielsen, H. V., Vorum, H., Orntoft, T. F., Wolf, H., & Celis, J. E. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 206
Structure of human type II 5 alpha-reductase gene
Labrie, F., Sugimoto, Y., Luu-The, V., Simard, J., Lachance, Y., Bachvarov, D. R., Leblanc, G., Durocher, F., & Paquet, N. (1992) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.131.3.1505484 · Cited by 203
Serum androgens and sex hormone-binding globulins in relation to lifestyle factors in older African-American, white, and Asian men in the United States and Canada.
Wu, A. H., Whittemore, A. S., Kolonel, L. N., John, E. M., Gallagher, R. P., West, D. W., Hankin, J. H., Teh, C., Dreon, D. M., & Paffenbarger, R. S. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 201
Local estrogen biosynthesis in males and females.
Simpson, E. R., Rubin, G., Clyne, C. D., Robertson, K. M.-P., O’Donnell, L., Davis, S. R., & Jones, M. E. E. (1999) · Endocrine Related Cancer · doi:10.1677/erc.0.0060131 · Cited by 199
Racial/ethnic variations in male testosterone levels: A probable contributor to group differences in health
Ellis, L. M., & Nyborg, H. (1992) · Steroids · doi:10.1016/0039-128x(92)90032-5 · Cited by 195
Androgen Regulation of the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 Gene through an Androgen Response Element in the Proximal Promoter
Lu, S., Liu, M., Epner, D. E., Tsai, S. Y., & Tsai, M. (1999) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/mend.13.3.0254 · Cited by 186
Phase II prostate cancer vaccine trial: Report of a study involving 37 patients with disease recurrence following primary treatment
Murphy, G. P., Tjoa, B. A., Simmons, S. J., Ragde, H., Rogers, M., Elgamal, A., Kenny, G. M., Troychak, M. J., Salgaller, M. L., & Boynton, A. L. (1999) · The Prostate · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0045(19990401)39:1 · Cited by 185
Serotonin as a growth factor
Seuwen, K., & Pouysségur, J. (1990) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/0006-2952(90)90276-q · Cited by 181
Regulation of androgen-dependent prostatic cancer cell growth: androgen regulation of CDK2, CDK4, and CKI p16 genes.
Lu, S., Tsai, S. Y., & Tsai, M. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 174
Contribution of the Androgen Receptor to Prostate Cancer Predisposition and Progression
Buchanan, G., Irvine, R. A., Coetzee, G. A., & Tilley, W. D. (2001) · Cancer and Metastasis Reviews · doi:10.1023/a:1015531326689 · Cited by 165
Nuclear Localization of Androgen Receptor In Heterogeneous Samples Of Normal, Hyperplastic And Neoplastic Human Prostate
Chodak, G. W., Kranc, D. M., Puy, L. A., Takeda, H., Johnson, K. L., & Chang, C. (1992) · The Journal of Urology · doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)37389-5 · Cited by 157
Molecular Mechanisms of Androgen Action
Lindzey, J. K., Kumar, M. V., Grossman, M., Young, C. Y. F., & Tindall, D. J. (1994) · Vitamins and hormones · doi:10.1016/s0083-6729(08)61151-6 · Cited by 148
Self-citation
Androgen receptor status of lymph node metastases from prostate cancer
Hobisch, A., Čulig, Z., Radmayr, C., Bartsch, G., Klocker, H., & Hittmair, A. (1996) · The Prostate · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0045(199602)28:2 · Cited by 147
(CAG)nCAA and GGN repeats in the human androgen receptor gene are not associated with prostate cancer in a French–German population
Correa-Cerro, L. S., Wöhr, G., Häussler, J., Berthon, P., Drelon, E., Mangin, P., Fournier, G., Cussenot, O., Kraus, P., Just, W., et al. (1999) · European Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200298 · Cited by 146
Comparative Rates of Androgen Production and Metabolism in Caucasian and Chinese Subjects1
Santner, S. J., Albertson, B., Zhang, G.-Y., Zhang, G., Santulli, M., Wang, C., Demers, L. M., Shackleton, C. H. L., & Santen, R. J. (1998) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.83.6.4898 · Cited by 138
Detection of discrete androgen receptor epitopes in prostate cancer by immunostaining: measurement by color video image analysis.
Tilley, W. D., Lim-Tio, S. S., Horsfall, D. J., Aspinall, J. O., Marshall, V. R., & Skinner, J. M. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 131
The Endocrinology of Prostate Cancer
Taplin, M. E., & Ho, S. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.86.8.7782 · Cited by 130
Androgen receptor - an update of mechanisms of action in prostate cancer
Čulig, Z., Hobisch, A., Bartsch, G. C., & Klocker, H. (2000) · Urological Research · doi:10.1007/s002400000111 · Cited by 124
Androgen metabolism and prostate cancer: establishing a model of genetic susceptibility
Tubaro, A. (1999) · Current Opinion in Urology · doi:10.1097/00042307-199911000-00022 · Cited by 116
Comparative Rates of Androgen Production and Metabolism in Caucasian and Chinese Subjects
Santner, S. J. (1998) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.83.6.2104 · Cited by 112
Cyclin E as a Coactivator of the Androgen Receptor
Yamamoto, A., Hashimoto, Y., Kohri, K., Ogata, E., Kato, S., Ikeda, K., & Nakanishi, M. (2000) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.150.4.873 · Cited by 108
Peripheral hormone levels in controls and patients with prostatic cancer or benign prostatic hyperplasia: results from the Dutch-Japanese case-control study.
de Jong, F. H., Oishi, K., Hayes, R. B., Bogdanowicz, J. F. A. T., Raatgever, J. W., van der Maas, P. J., Yoshida, O., & Schroeder, F. H. (1991) · PubMed · Cited by 105
Habits of sun exposure and risk of malignant melanoma: An analysis of incidence rates in Norway 1955–1977 by cohort, sex, age, and primary tumor site
Magnus, K. (1981) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19811115)48:10 · Cited by 102
Androgen blocks apoptosis of hormone-dependent prostate cancer cells.
Kimura, K., Markowski, M. C., Bowen, C., & Gelmann, E. P. (2001) · PubMed · Cited by 97
Hormonal Signaling in Prostatic Hyperplasia and Neoplasia*
Marcelli, M., & Cunningham, G. R. (1999) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.84.10.6083 · Cited by 90
Neuroendocrine pathogenesis in adenocarcinoma of the prostate
Hansson, J., & Abrahamsson, P. (2001) · Annals of Oncology · doi:10.1093/annonc/12.suppl_2.s145 · Cited by 86
Intermittent androgen suppression for prostate cancer: Canadian Prospective Trial and related observations.
Bruchovsky, N., Klotz, L. H., Sadar, M. D., Crook, J. M., Hoffart, D., Godwin, L., Warkentin, M., Gleave, M. E., & Goldenberg, S. L. (2000) · PubMed · Cited by 80
Ligand-independent activation of the androgen receptor by the differentiation agent butyrate in human prostate cancer cells.
Sadar, M. D., & Gleave, M. E. (2000) · PubMed · Cited by 74
Localization and hormonal stimulation of phosphorylation sites in the LNCaP-cell androgen receptor
Kuiper, G. G. J. M., de Ruiter, P. E., Trapman, J., Boersma, W. J. A., Grootegoed, J. A., & Brinkmann, A. O. (1993) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj2910095 · Cited by 65
Unusual length polymorphism in human steroid 5α-reductase type 2 gene (SRD5A2)
Davis, D. L., & Russell, D. W. (1993) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/2.6.820 · Cited by 63
Androgen Receptor Phosphorylation
Blok, L. J., de Ruiter, P. E., & Brinkmann, A. O. (1996) · Endocrine Research · doi:10.3109/07435809609030508 · Cited by 62
Environmental factors, hormone status, and prostatic cancer
Hill, P., Wynder, E. L., Garnes, H. A., & Walker, A. R. (1980) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/0091-7435(80)90037-7 · Cited by 60
Hormonal Signaling in Prostatic Hyperplasia and Neoplasia
Marcelli, M. (1999) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.84.10.3463 · Cited by 51
Plasma hormones and lipids in men at different risk for coronary heart disease
Hill, P., Wynder, E. L., Garbaczewski, L., Garnes, H. A., Walker, A. R., & Helman, P. (1980) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/33.5.1010 · Cited by 50
ROLE OF ESTROGENS IN HUMAN BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA
Sciarra, V. (2000) · Archives of Andrology · doi:10.1080/014850100262191 · Cited by 49
Intracellular localization and trafficking of steroid receptors
Baumann, C. T., Lim, C. S., & Hager, G. L. (1999) · Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1007/bf02738167 · Cited by 45
Serum chromogranin‐A in advanced prostate cancer
Ferrero-Poüs, M., Hersant, A.-M., Pecking, A. P., Brésard‐Leroy, M., & Pichon, M.-F. (2001) · British Journal of Urology · doi:10.1046/j.1464-4096.2001.001223.x · Cited by 38
The Endocrinology of Prostate Cancer
Taplin, M. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.86.8.3467 · Cited by 37
Androgen Receptors in Untreated and Treated Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia
van der Kwast, T., & Têtu, B. (1996) · European Urology · doi:10.1159/000474179 · Cited by 36
5α-reductase inhibitors: what role should they play?
Kaplan, S. A. (2001) · Urology · doi:10.1016/s0090-4295(01)01347-4 · Cited by 34
THE PHYSICAL STATE OF TESTOSTERONE IN PLASMA
Vermeulen, A. (1973) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-380101-2.50013-x · Cited by 26
The Mutated Androgen Receptor and Its Implications for the Treatment of Metastatic Carcinoma of the Prostate
Middleman, M. N., Lush, R. M., & Figg, W. D. (1996) · Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy · doi:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1996.tb02967.x · Cited by 21
Endocrine Function of the Testis
Honour, J. W., & Savage, M. O. (2003) · KARGER eBooks · doi:10.1159/000073558 · Cited by 4

Research works printed but not linked: 1

Debes, 2002, Proc. AACR, 43

Sorted by citations

Protective effect of green tea against prostate cancer: A case‐control study in southeast China
Jian, L., Xie, L., Lee, A. H., & Binns, C. W. (2003) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.11550 · Cited by 369
Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Prostate Cancer: Implications for New Treatment Modalities
Vashchenko, N. M., & Abrahamsson, P. (2004) · European Urology · doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2004.09.007 · Cited by 260
p300 in prostate cancer proliferation and progression.
Debes, J. D., Sebo, T. J., Lohse, C. M., Murphy, L. M., Haugen, D. A. L., & Tindall, D. J. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 219
Self-citation
Increased prostate cell proliferation and loss of cell differentiation in mice lacking prostate epithelial androgen receptor
Wu, C., Altuwaijri, S., Ricke, W. A., Huang, S., Yeh, S., Zhang, C., Niu, Y., Tsai, M.-Y., & Chang, C. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0704940104 · Cited by 211
Constitutive activation of the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway promotes androgen hypersensitivity in LNCaP prostate cancer cells.
Bakin, R. E., Gioeli, D. G., Sikes, R. A., Bissonette, E. A., & Weber, M. J. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 201

See all 192

Authors: Debes, J. D., & Tindall, D. J.
Affiliations: Mayo Clinic (US)
Corresponding author: Tindall, Donald J
Venue: Cancer Letters
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2002-12
Volume: 187
Issue: 1-2
Pages: 1-7
ISSN: 0304-3835 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(02)00413-5
OpenAlex: W2141562227
Cited by: 191
References: 77
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 3.08
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Cancer Letters (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Cancer Institute (CA 91956, P50CA091956)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK60920, R01DK060920)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
Keywords: prostate cancer, androgens, androgen receptor, androgen receptor mutations, androgen-independent progression, androgen deprivation therapy, neuroendocrine differentiation, cyclin-dependent kinases, apoptosis, angiogenesis, prenatal androgen exposure, therapeutic target
MeSH terms: Androgens, Humans, Male, Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent, Prostate, Prostatic Neoplasms, Receptors, Androgen, Signal Transduction, Disease Progression

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

The role of androgens and the androgen receptor in prostate cancer.

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks