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Cut and thrust: antecedent surgery and trauma among patients attending a chronic pain clinic
Abstract
Surgery and trauma are recognised as important causes of chronic pain, although their overall contribution has not been systematically studied. This paper reports on the contribution of surgery and trauma to chronic pain among 5130 patients attending 10 outpatient clinics located throughout North Britain. Surgery contributed to pain in 22.5% of patients, and was particularly associated with the development of pain in the abdomen and with anal, perineal and genital pain. Trauma was a cause of pain in 18.7% of patients, and was most common in pain in the upper limb, the spine and the lower limb. Patients with chronic pain associated with trauma are on average younger than those with chronic post-surgical pain. Further, and unusually for pain conditions, the trauma patients show an excess of males over females. These findings indicate that it can be unhelpful for pain classification systems to combine surgery and trauma in a single category. The results also point to areas for potentially fruitful research into the aetiology of chronic pain. In particular, studies are needed to identify the operative procedures associated with the development of pain so that preventive measures can be implemented.
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“more than 20% of adults8 and 17% of children9 attending specialized chronic pain centers have been referred for CPSP.”
From Chronic postsurgical pain: From risk factor identification to multidisciplinary management at the Toronto General Hospital Transitional Pain Service (2019) · cites this paper as [8]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Crombie, I. K., Davies, H. T. O., & Macrae, W. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Dundee (GB)
- University of St Andrews (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Crombie, Iain Kinloch
- Venue
- Pain
- Published
- 1998-05
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 167-171
- ISSN
- 0304-3959 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1982312202
- Cited by
- 351
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 1.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Pain (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Anesthesia and Pain Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
- Keywords
- chronic pain, postoperative pain, pain aetiology, abdominal pain, upper limb pain, spinal pain, lower limb pain, sex differences in pain, pain classification
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Chronic Disease, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pain, Postoperative Pain, Sex Factors, Wounds and Injuries, Pain Clinics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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