Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes
Abstract
Recent data on phenotype, differentiation, and functions of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) in rodents and in humans are reviewed in this article. IEL form a large population of activated T cells located at the interface between the body and the septic intestinal content. Phenotypic studies indicate that IEL are mainly CD8-positive cells that contain both TCR alpha beta and TCR gamma delta cells in variable proportion depending on the species and antigenic intraluminal stimulation. Studies in experimental models suggest a dual origin, both thymus-dependent and thymus-independent of IEL, and a role of the gut epithelium in the differentiation of IEL. Functional studies allow insight on the mechanisms by which IEL can protect the intestinal epithelium or conversely, when abnormally activated, induce epithelial damage.
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Peripheral blood contains only 2-5% of all lymphocytes, while lungs and gastrointestinal mucosa harbour up to 90% of the body's lymphocytes.
“Moreover, peripheral blood contains just 2-5% of all lymphocytes, while the lungs and gastrointestinal mucosa harbour up to 90% of the body's lymphocytes (Cerf-Bensussan and Guy-Grand, 1991;Smit-McBride et al., 1998).”
From Monoclonal antibody TGN1412 trial failure explained by species differences in CD28 expression on CD4 <sup>+</sup> effector memory T‐cells (2010) · cites this paper as Cerf-Bensussan and Guy-Grand, 1991
Cites
Intraepithelial lymphocytes of the small intestine.
Ferguson, A. (1977) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.18.11.921 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
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Eastwood, D., Findlay, L., Poole, S., Bird, C., Wadhwa, M., Moore, M., Burns, C., Thorpe, R., & Stebbings, R. (2010) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.00922.x · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Human intraepithelial lymphocytes
Mayassi, T., & Jabri, B. (2018) · Mucosal Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41385-018-0016-5 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
After TGN1412: Recent developments in cytokine release assays
Stebbings, R., Eastwood, D., Poole, S., & Thorpe, R. (2013) · Journal of Immunotoxicology · doi:10.3109/1547691x.2012.711783 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Peterson, J. J., Chandel, S., James, K., Bennett, E. S., Wu, V., White, C. H., Allard, B., Clohosey, M., Whitaker, T., Baker, C., et al. (2026) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci196536 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
- Authors
- Cerf-Bensussan, N., & Guy-Grand, D.
- Venue
- Gastroenterology Clinics of North America
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1991-09
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 549-576
- ISSN
- 0889-8553 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2405699217
- Cited by
- 144
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 3 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 2.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Gastroenterology Clinics of North America (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Celiac Disease Research and Management
- Keywords
- intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes, CD8+ T cells, TCR alpha beta, TCR gamma delta, intestinal epithelium, intestinal immunity, epithelial damage
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antigen-Presenting Cells, Cell Division, Digestive System, Epithelial Cells, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa, Lymphocytes, Lymphoid Tissue, Immunophenotyping
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