Cited by 527Statistical Methods and Bayesian InferenceStatistical Methods in EpidemiologyStatistical Methods in Clinical Trials

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 19 of the 19 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Attrition in longitudinal studies

Twisk, Jos, de Vente, Wieke·2002·Journal of Clinical Epidemiology

DOI 10.1016/s0895-4356(01)00476-0

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The purpose of this paper was to illustrate the influence of missing data on the results of longitudinal statistical analyses [i.e., MANOVA for repeated measurements and Generalised Estimating Equations (GEE)] and to illustrate the influence of using different imputation methods to replace missing data. Besides a complete dataset, four incomplete datasets were considered: two datasets with 10% missing data and two datasets with 25% missing data. In both situations missingness was considered independent and dependent on observed data. Imputation methods were divided into cross-sectional methods (i.e., mean of series, hot deck, and cross-sectional regression) and longitudinal methods (i.e., last value carried forward, longitudinal interpolation, and longitudinal regression). Besides these, also the multiple imputation method was applied and discussed. The analyses were performed on a particular (observational) longitudinal dataset, with particular missing data patterns and imputation methods. The results of this illustration shows that when MANOVA for repeated measurements is used, imputation methods are highly recommendable (because MANOVA as implemented in the software used, uses listwise deletion of cases with a missing value). Applying GEE analysis, imputation methods were not necessary. When imputation methods were used, longitudinal imputation methods were often preferable above cross-sectional imputation methods, in a way that the point estimates and standard errors were closer to the estimates derived from the complete dataset. Furthermore, this study showed that the theoretically more valid multiple imputation method did not lead to different point estimates than the more simple (longitudinal) imputation methods. However, the estimated standard errors appeared to be theoretically more adequate, because they reflect the uncertainty in estimation caused by missing values.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s0895-4356(01)00476-0

Cites

19 of 19 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Multiple Imputation for Nonresponse in Surveys
Rubin, D. B. (1987) · Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics · doi:10.1002/9780470316696 · Cited by 20,701
Statistical Analysis With Missing Data
Lahiff, M., Little, R. J. A., & Rubin, D. B. (1989) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2289883 · Cited by 17,385
Applied Regression Analysis and Other Multivariable Methods
Walker, E., Kleinbaum, D. G., Kupper, L. L., & Muller, K. E. (1989) · Technometrics · doi:10.2307/1270375 · Cited by 8,538
Longitudinal Data Analysis for Discrete and Continuous Outcomes
Zeger, S. L., & Liang, K. (1986) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2531248 · Cited by 7,781
Analysis of Incomplete Multivariate Data
Schafer, J. L. (1997) · doi:10.1201/9781439821862 · Cited by 6,012
Analysis of Incomplete Multivariate Data
Booth, D. E., & Schafer, J. L. (2000) · Technometrics · doi:10.2307/1271466 · Cited by 5,627
Multiple imputation after 18+ years
Rubin, D. B. (1996) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1996.10476908 · Cited by 4,072
Multiple Imputation After 18+ Years
Rubin, D. B. (1996) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2291635 · Cited by 2,686
Multiple Imputation for Nonresponse in Surveys.
Lynn, P. J., & Rubin, D. B. (1988) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series D (The Statistician) · doi:10.2307/2348774 · Cited by 2,330
Statistical Analysis with Missing Data.
Chatfield, C., Little, R. J. A., & Rubin, D. B. (1988) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A (Statistics in Society) · doi:10.2307/2982783 · Cited by 2,203

Show all 18 references

Sorted by citations

Items 201–300 of 526

The efficacy of a transdiagnostic emotion regulation skills training in the treatment of binge-eating disorder-Results from a randomized controlled trial.
Berking, M., Eichler, E., Naumann, E., & Svaldi, J. (2022) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjc.12371 · Cited by 26
“Twisk, J., & de Vente, W. (2002).”
Method
Reflection on modern methods: planned missing data designs for epidemiological research
Rioux, C., Lewin, A., Odejimi, O. A., & Little, T. D. (2020) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyaa042 · Cited by 29
Improving Power Grid Monitoring Data Quality: An Efficient Machine Learning Framework for Missing Data Prediction
Shi, W., Zhu, Y., Zhang, J., Tao, X., Sheng, G., Lian, Y., Wang, G., & Chen, Y. (2015) · IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications; IEEE International Conference on Smart City; IEEE International Conference on Data Science and Systems (HPCC/SmartCity/DSS) · doi:10.1109/hpcc-css-icess.2015.16 · Cited by 30
“In order to improve the effect of missing data prediction, contents of these time series are preprocessed through normalization, which replaces nonstandard data values with corresponding values that comply with the standard to adjust values measured on different scales to a notionally common scale.”
Method
Vocational Rehabilitation with or without Work Module for Patients with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain and Sick Leave from Work: Longitudinal Impact on Work Participation
Beemster, T. T., van Bennekom, C. V., van Velzen, J. V., Frings-Dresen, M., & Reneman, M. (2020) · Journal of occupational rehabilitation · doi:10.1007/s10926-020-09893-z · Cited by 16
Directed vertebral manipulation is not better than generic vertebral manipulation in patients with chronic low back pain: a randomised trial
de Oliveira, R. F., Costa, L. O. P., Nascimento, L. P., & Rissato, L. L. (2020) · Journal of physiotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.jphys.2020.06.007 · Cited by 28
“In the shoes of another”: immersive technology for social and emotional learning
Tan, M. C. C., Chye, S., & Teng, K. S. M. (2022) · Education and Information Technologies · doi:10.1007/s10639-022-10938-4 · Cited by 28
“Data Imputation, specifically, Expectation-Maximization (EM) Imputation was employed to deal with these three missing values, in line with Twisk & de Vente (2002 )’s and Scheffer ( 2002)’s recommendations for repeated Measures MANOVAs and SPSS respectively.”
Method
Effect of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment in Experimental Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: In Vivo Longitudinal Assessment
Sundberg, L. M., Herrera, J. J., & Narayana, P. A. (2011) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2010.1533 · Cited by 28
“Generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis (Twisk and de Vente, 2002) was used to evaluate the temporal correlations within each group (Cohen et al., 2009), and Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to evaluate relations between end-point histology and MRI and behavioral measures.”
Effects of mental practice embedded in daily therapy compared to therapy as usual in adult stroke patients in Dutch nursing homes: design of a randomised controlled trial
Braun, S. M., Beurskens, A. J. H. M., van Kroonenburgh, S. M., Demarteau, J., Schols, J. M. G. A., & Wade, D. T. (2007) · BMC Neurology · doi:10.1186/1471-2377-7-34 · Cited by 29
“A 'last measurement carried forward' method is used to predict outcome in dropouts [44].”
Manual therapy compared with physical therapy in patients with non-specific neck pain: a randomized controlled trial
Groeneweg, R., van Assen, L., Kropman, H., Leopold, H., Mulder, J., Smits-Engelsman, B. C. M., Ostelo, R., Oostendorp, R. A. B., & van Tulder, M. W. (2017) · Chiropractic & Manual Therapies · doi:10.1186/s12998-017-0141-3 · Cited by 28
The effect of psychomotor physical therapy on health‐related quality of life, pain, coping, self‐esteem, and social support
Bergland, A., Olsen, C. F., & Ekerholt, K. (2018) · Physiotherapy Research International · doi:10.1002/pri.1723 · Cited by 29
Effects of medication-treated diabetes on incidence and progression of knee osteoarthritis: a longitudinal analysis of the Osteoarthritis Initiative data
Shirinsky, I. V., & Shirinsky, V. S. (2017) · Rheumatology International · doi:10.1007/s00296-017-3676-7 · Cited by 27
“The use of GEE allows one not to use imputation methods for the analysis as the participants with missing data are not excluded from the analysis [19].”
Method
Impaired cognitive function in Crohn’s disease: Relationship to disease activity
Clarke, G. A., Kennedy, P. J., Groeger, J. A., Quigley, E. M. M., Shanahan, F., Cryan, J. F., & Dinan, T. G. (2020) · Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100093 · Cited by 28
Is Action Planning Helpful for Smoking Cessation? Assessing the Effects of Action Planning in a Web-Based Computer-Tailored Intervention
Bolman, C. A. W., Eggers, S. M., van Osch, L., Poel, F. T., Candel, M. J. J. M., & de Vries, H. (2015) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.3109/10826084.2014.977397 · Cited by 30
“The large dropout rate in our study (77.5%), which makes the ITT scenario too conservative and the CC scenario too liberal (Twisk & De Vente, 2002), also makes it difficult to draw firm conclusions.”
Influential
Predictors of retention in a randomised trial of smoking cessation in low-socioeconomic status Australian smokers
Courtney, R. J., Clare, P. J., Boland, V. C., Martire, K. A., Bonevski, B., Hall, W., Siahpush, M., Borland, R., Doran, C. M., West, R., et al. (2016) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.07.019 · Cited by 27
Candidate Molecular Pathway Genes Related to Appetite Regulatory Neural Network, Adipocyte Homeostasis and Obesity: Results from the CARDIA Study
Friedlander, Y., Guo, L., Fornage, M., Williams, O. D., Lewis, C. E., Schreiner, P. J., Pletcher, M. J., Enquobahrie, D. A., Williams, M. A., & Siscovick, D. S. (2010) · Annals of Human Genetics · doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.2010.00596.x · Cited by 27
“A number of studies have shown that longitudinal changes in body weight are associated with polymorphisms in various genes (van Rossum et al., 2002; Fox et al., 2005).”
Background
The association between sarcopenia and incident chronic lung disease in the general population: A longitudinal study based on CHARLS data
Wang, H., Qiu, H., Gu, X., Zhang, Y., & Wang, S. (2023) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2023.112257 · Cited by 27
Course of psychotic symptoms, depression and global functioning in persons at clinical high risk of psychosis: Results of a longitudinal observation study over three years focusing on both converters and non-converters
Hengartner, M. P., Heekeren, K., Dvorsky, D. N., Walitza, S., Wulf Rössler, A., & Theodoridou, A. (2017) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2017.01.040 · Cited by 29
Effect of a Home-Visiting Intervention to Reduce Early Childhood Obesity Among Native American Children
Rosenstock, S., Ingalls, A., Cuddy, R. F., Neault, N. B., Littlepage, S., Cohoe, L., Nelson, L., Yazzie, K., Yazzie, S., Alikhani, A., et al. (2020) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.3557 · Cited by 26
Qigong Effects on Heart Rate Variability and Peripheral Vasomotor Responses
Chang, M.-Y. (2014) · Western Journal of Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/0193945914535669 · Cited by 26
Parental and home influences on adolescents’ TV viewing: A mediation analysis
Velde, S. J. T., van der Horst, K., Oenema, A., Timperio, A. F., Crawford, D. A., & Brug, J. (2010) · International Journal of Pediatric Obesity · doi:10.3109/17477166.2010.490264 · Cited by 26
H1-antihistamines are associated with lower prevalence of radiographic knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional analysis of the Osteoarthritis Initiative data
Shirinsky, I. V., & Shirinsky, V. S. (2018) · Arthritis Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13075-018-1619-7 · Cited by 26
“GEE allows for not using imputation methods for the missing data, because the participants with missing data are not excluded from the analysis [10].”
Method
Development of a richer measure of health outcomes incorporating the impacts of income inequality, ethnic diversity, and ICT development on health
Rana, R. H., Alam, K., & Gow, J. (2018) · Globalization and Health · doi:10.1186/s12992-018-0385-2 · Cited by 26
“Any missing data were replaced by linear interpolation [38].”
Method
Outcome Assessment in Epidemiological Studies of Low-Dose Radiation Exposure and Cancer Risks: Sources, Level of Ascertainment, and Misclassification
Linet, M. S., Schubauer‐Berigan, M. K., & de González, A. B. (2020) · JNCI Monographs · doi:10.1093/jncimonographs/lgaa007 · Cited by 26
Predicting the Longer-term Outcomes of Total Hip Replacement
Gandhi, R., Dhotar, H. S., Davey, J. R., & Mahomed, N. N. (2010) · The Journal of Rheumatology · doi:10.3899/jrheum.100149 · Cited by 26
Subject- and Injury-Related Factors Influencing the Course of Manual Wheelchair Skill Performance During Initial Inpatient Rehabilitation of Persons With Spinal Cord Injury
Kilkens, O. J. E., Dallmeijer, A. J., Angenot, E. L. D., Twisk, J. W. R., Post, M. W. M., & van der Woude, L. H. V. (2005) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2004.12.040 · Cited by 26
Life‐course social influences on tooth loss and oral attitudes among older people: evidence from a prospective cohort study
Åstrøm, A. N., Ekbäck, G., Lie, S. A., & Ordell, S. (2014) · European Journal Of Oral Sciences · doi:10.1111/eos.12160 · Cited by 25
One year later: Longer‐term maintenance effects of a digital intervention to change personality traits
Stieger, M., Flückiger, C., & Allemand, M. (2023) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.12898 · Cited by 30
The Effect of Whole-Body Resonance Vibration in a Porcine Model of Spinal Cord Injury
Streijger, F., Lee, J. H. T., Chak, J. D., Dressler, D. M., Manouchehri, N., Okon, E. B., Anderson, L. M., Melnyk, A. D., Cripton, P. A., & Kwon, B. K. (2015) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2014.3707 · Cited by 25
“27 To determine the sample sizes necessary to uncover 1-point difference on PTIBS between non-vibrated control and vibrated animals, a post-experimental power analysis was run on the PTIBS scores (two-tailed t -test; a , 0.05; power, 80%).”
Influential
How does loss to follow‐up influence cohort findings on HIV infection? A joint analysis of the French hospital database on HIV, Mortalité 2000 survey and death certificates *
Lanoy, É., Lewden, C., Lièvre, L., Tattevin, P., Boileau, J., Aouba, A., Chêne, G., Costagliola, D. G., & 2000, G. D. M. (2009) · HIV Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1468-1293.2008.00678.x · Cited by 25
Counter propagation auto-associative neural network based data imputation
Gautam, C., & Ravi, V. (2015) · Information Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ins.2015.07.016 · Cited by 25
“A longitudinal study [25, 89] is an observational research method in which”
Method
Common mental disorders and psychological adjustment among individuals seeking HIV testing: a study protocol to explore implications for mental health care systems
Bantjes, J. R., & Kagee, A. (2018) · International Journal of Mental Health Systems · doi:10.1186/s13033-018-0196-0 · Cited by 26
“Attrition in longitudinal studies is a well-documented problem in epidemiological research [53, 54], particularly in low- and middleincome countries [55].”
Background
Static and dynamic predictors of criminal involvement among people with heroin dependence: Findings from a 3-year longitudinal study
Marel, C., Mills, K. L., Darke, S. G., Ross, J. E., Slade, T. N., Burns, L., & Teesson, M. (2013) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.08.003 · Cited by 24
Higher central fat mass and lower peripheral lean mass are independent determinants of endothelial dysfunction in the elderly: The Hoorn study
Beijers, H. J. B. H., Ferreira, I., Bravenboer, B., Henry, R. M. A., Schalkwijk, C. G., Dekker, J. M., Nijpels, G., & Stehouwer, C. D. A. (2014) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.12.002 · Cited by 24
“For these individuals, we imputed the missing postcuff release D(s) with a longitudinal regression method [29].”
Method
Postpartum Changes in Mood and Smoking-Related Symptomatology: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Investigation
Allen, A. M., Tosun, N. L., Carlson, S. C., & ALLEN, S. S. (2017) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntx118 · Cited by 24
Outcomes of Multidisciplinary Low Vision Rehabilitation in Adults
Gothwal, V. K., & Bharani, S. (2015) · Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.15-16892 · Cited by 23
Globalisation and suicide: An empirical investigation in 35 countries over the period 1980–2006
Milner, A. J., McClure, R., Sun, J., & Leo, D. D. (2011) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.03.002 · Cited by 23
Long-term effects of an occupational health guideline on employees’ body weight-related outcomes, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and quality of life: results from a randomized controlled trial
Verweij, L. M., Proper, K. I., Weel, A., Hulshof, C. T. J., & van Mechelen, W. (2013) · Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health · doi:10.5271/sjweh.3341 · Cited by 23
“Finally, to test the robustness of our results, we performed sensitivity analyses using imputed data and complete cases data (31, 34).”
Importance of social capital at the workplace for return to work among women with a history of long-term sick leave: a cohort study
Rydström, I., Englund, L., Dellve, L., & Åhlström, L. (2017) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-017-0234-2 · Cited by 22
“When using mixed models for longitudinal analyses of repeated measurements, it is less important to estimate missing data, as the available data will be used if subjects are missing [52].”
Method
[Longitudinal studies: concepts and particularities].
Delgado‐Rodríguez, M., & Díaz, J. L. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 22
Quality of Life During and After Completion of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Esophageal and Junctional Cancer
Noordman, B. J., Verdam, M. G. E., Onstenk, B. D., Heisterkamp, J., Jansen, W., Martijnse, I. S., Lagarde, S. M., Wijnhoven, B. P. L., Acosta, C. M. M., van der Gaast, A., et al. (2019) · Annals of Surgical Oncology · doi:10.1245/s10434-019-07779-w · Cited by 21
“Over-time changes in the follow-up measurements were analyzed using mixed modeling analysis, a technique that enables analysis of all completed questionnaires by allowing for inclusion of data from patients with different numbers of completed measurements.(12) Mean over-time differences were described.”
Method
Worth the investment? An examination of the organisational outcomes of a formal structured mentoring program
Fowler, J., Fowler, D. S., & O’Gorman, J. G. (2019) · Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources · doi:10.1111/1744-7941.12252 · Cited by 28
Comparison of quality of life after stereotactic body radiotherapy and surgery for early-stage prostate cancer
Katz, A. J., Ferrer, M., & Suárez, J. F. (2012) · Radiation Oncology · doi:10.1186/1748-717x-7-194 · Cited by 21
“GEE allows the presence of missing values in the repeated measurements of the dependent variable, without having to exclude individuals with incomplete data and with no need of imputation methods (even though missing completely at random does not hold) [22].”
Background
The ability of a behaviour-specific patient questionnaire to identify poorly performing doctors
Jensen, B. F., Dahl, F. A., Safran, D. G., Garratt, A., Krupat, E., Finset, A., & Gulbrandsen, P. (2011) · BMJ Quality & Safety · doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2011-000021 · Cited by 21
“Surgery 147 (30) 23 (32) Generalz, orthopaedics, ENTx 133 (27) 18 (25)”
Blood flow in the hands of a predefined homogeneous systemic sclerosis population: the presence of digital ulcers and the improvement with bosentan
Meijs, J., Voskuyl, A. E., Bloemsaat-Minekus, J. P. J., & Vonk, M. C. (2014) · Lara D. Veeken · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keu300 · Cited by 20
Self-reported time spent watching television is associated with arterial stiffness in young adults: the Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study
van de Laar, R. J., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Prins, M. H., van Mechelen, W., Twisk, J. W. R., & Ferreira, I. (2013) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092555 · Cited by 20
Gratitude at Work Prospectively Predicts Lower Workplace Materialism: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study in Chile
Unanue, J., Oriol, X., Oyanedel, J. C., Rubio, A., & Unanue, W. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18073787 · Cited by 27
“Regarding attrition [60], no statistically significant differences were found in terms of gender ([χ2 (2)] = 0.”
Background
The beneficial effect of positive treatment expectations on pharmacological migraine prophylaxis
Schmidt, K., Berding, T., Kleine‐Borgmann, J., Engler, H., Holle, D., Gaul, C., & Bingel, U. (2021) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002341 · Cited by 21
Understanding Acculturation, Depressive Symptoms, and the Protective Role of Family Involvement Among Latino(a) Immigrant Families
Pérez, R. M., Dawson, B. A., & Suárez‐Orozco, C. (2011) · Journal of Family Social Work · doi:10.1080/10522158.2011.617030 · Cited by 20
The impact of an emergency department nursing intervention on continuity of care, self-care capacities and psychological symptoms: Secondary outcomes of a randomized controlled trial
Cossette, S., Frasure‐Smith, N., Vadeboncœur, A., McCusker, J., & Guertin, M. (2015) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.12.007 · Cited by 22
Selective attrition and bias in a longitudinal health survey among survivors of a disaster
van den Berg, B., van der Velden, P. G., Stellato, R. K., & Grievink, L. (2007) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/1471-2288-7-8 · Cited by 21
Patterns and Predictors of Heroin Use, Remission, and Psychiatric Health Among People with Heroin Dependence: Key Findings from the 18–20-Year Follow-Up of the Australian Treatment Outcome Study (ATOS)
Marel, C., Wilson, J., Darke, S. G., Ross, J. E., Slade, T. N., Haber, P., Haasnoot, K., Visontay, R., Keaveny, M., Tremonti, C., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-022-01006-6 · Cited by 18
“As GEEs use all available data, missing data were not imputed (Twisk & de Vente, 2002).”
Characteristics and outcomes of patients who did not respond to a national spine surgery registry
Kaur, S., Alhaug, O. K., Dolatowski, F. C., Solberg, T. K., & Lønne, G. (2023) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12891-023-06267-3 · Cited by 18
The Impacts of Gender Differences in Social Capital on Microenterprise Business Start-Up
Kim, S. M. (2014) · Affilia · doi:10.1177/0886109913519789 · Cited by 18
Impact of dietary fat composition on prediabetes: a 12-year follow-up study
Krishnan, S., Steffen, L. M., Paton, C. M., & Cooper, J. A. (2017) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980016003669 · Cited by 18
“in nutritional epidemiology with repeated measures of variables in longitudinal design((35,38)).”
Background
Cost‐utility analysis of a multidisciplinary job retention vocational rehabilitation program in patients with chronic arthritis at risk of job loss
van den Hout, W. B., de Buck, P. D. M., & Vlieland, T. P. M. V. (2007) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/art.22786 · Cited by 18
Can we predict retention in longitudinal studies of substance use? Findings from the Australian Treatment Outcome Study
Marel, C., Mills, K. L., Darke, S. G., Ross, J. E., Burns, L., & Teesson, M. (2015) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.07.002 · Cited by 17
A three-group study, internet-based, face-to-face based and standard- management after acute whiplash associated disorders (WAD) – choosing the most efficient and cost-effective treatment: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Söderlund, A., Bring, A., & Åsenlöf, P. (2009) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/1471-2474-10-90 · Cited by 17
“Intention-to-treat analysis [51] with per protocol method is used in all the calculations.”
Identifying Indicators During Pregnancy for Child Maltreatment
Thompson, E. L., Thompson, L. A., Black, E. W., Esernio-Jenssen, D. D., Hardt, N. S., Das, R., & Roth, J. (2012) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-012-1201-x · Cited by 17
“To address the question of missing and/or unknown data, a common problem in research using vital statistics [25], a logistic regression model of a dataset that included missing/unknown records was compared to the restricted case analysis dataset that excluded missing or unknown records.”
Method
Effects of 12-week Pilates training program on cardiac autonomic modulation: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Cavina, A. P. D. S., Silva, N. M., Biral, T. M., Lemos, L. K., Pizzo, E., Pastre, C. M., Vanderlei, L. C. M., & Vanderlei, F. M. (2021) · Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research · doi:10.2217/cer-2021-0195 · Cited by 17
A randomised controlled trial evaluating family mediated exercise (FAME) therapy following stroke
Galvin, R., Cusack, T., & Stokes, E. (2008) · BMC Neurology · doi:10.1186/1471-2377-8-22 · Cited by 17
“A 'last measurement carried forward' method is used to predict outcome in dropouts [43].”
Method
Outlier detection and missing data filling methods for coastal water temperature data
Cho, H.-Y., Oh, J. H., Kim, K. O., & Shim, J. S. (2013) · Journal of Coastal Research · doi:10.2112/si65-321.1 · Cited by 17
“Several of these methods are not applicable to the analysis of data in longitudinal studies, which are correlational research studies that involve repeated observations of the same variables over long periods of time (Twisk and de Vente, 2002).”
Background
Breast Education Improves Adolescent Girls' Breast Knowledge, Attitudes to Breasts and Engagement With Positive Breast Habits
Omrani, A., Scurr, J., Smith, J., Wadey, R., & Brown, N. (2020) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2020.591927 · Cited by 16
Domains for a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment of Older Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease: Results from the CRIC Study
Chiu, V., Gross, A. L., Chu, N. M., Segev, D. L., Hall, R. K., McAdams‐DeMarco, M., & the CRIC Study Investigators (2022) · American Journal of Nephrology · doi:10.1159/000528602 · Cited by 16
Educational and Career Trajectories of the Russian Youth in a Longitudinal Perspective: A Case of University Graduates
Maltseva, V., & Rozenfeld, N. (2022) · Voprosy Obrazovaniya/ Educational Studies Moscow · doi:10.17323/1814-9545-2022-3-99-148 · Cited by 19
“…model estimation results: some researchers ignore the attrition and study only the available data, others use a set of special statistical procedures for data imputation [Dan et al., 2013; Twisk, de Vente, 2002]. tion of education act as a differentiating characteristic of the trajec - tory.”
Non-invasive detection of narcolepsy type I phenotypical features and disease progression by continuous home-cage monitoring of activity in two mouse models: the HCRT-KO and DTA model
Piilgaard, L., Rose, L., Justinussen, J. L., Hviid, C. G., Lemcke, R., Wellendorph, P., & Kornum, B. R. (2023) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsad144 · Cited by 16
Health-related quality of life in patients with primary brain tumors during and three months after treatment with proton beam therapy
Langegård, U., Fransson, P., Björk‐Eriksson, T., Johansson, B., Ohlsson‐Nevo, E., Sjövall, K., & Ahlberg, K. (2021) · Technical Innovations & Patient Support in Radiation Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.tipsro.2021.01.004 · Cited by 16
“These non-parametric methods were chosen because the majority of the data analyzed were skewed, and missing values were imputed using the last value carried forward method [27], shown in Table 3.”
Method
Recruitment and Early Retention of Women with Advanced Breast Cancer in a Complementary and Alternative Medicine Trial
Sikorskii, A. E., Wyatt, G. K., Siddiqi, A.-E.-A., & Tamkus, D. M. (2009) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1093/ecam/nep051 · Cited by 16
“A high attrition rate leads to two concerns: (i) patients who drop out are not exposed to the intervention and receive no benefit, and (ii) the internal and external validities of the trial can be compromised [17, 18] because, due to attrition, the sample may not be representative of the target population or of the po…”
Prevalence of New Zealand children and adolescents achieving current physical activity and television watching recommendations.
Oliver, M., Duncan, S., Kuch, C., McPhee, J., & Schofield, G. (2012) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.9.2.173 · Cited by 19
Increasing Capacity for the Treatment of Common Musculoskeletal Problems: A Non-Inferiority RCT and Economic Analysis of Corticosteroid Injection for Shoulder Pain Comparing a Physiotherapist and Orthopaedic Surgeon
Marks, D., Bisset, L., Comans, T. A., Thomas, M., Ng, S., O’Leary, S. P., Conaghan, P. G., & Scuffham, P. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0162679 · Cited by 17
“Imputation of missing data was deemed unnecessary due to the low numbers with missing data and the use of the GEE, which accounts for missing observations [68].”
Method
Assessing the Potential for Bias From Nonresponse to a Study Follow-up Interview: An Example From the Agricultural Health Study
Rinsky, J. L., Richardson, D. B., Wing, S., Beard, J. D., Alavanja, M. C. R., Freeman, L. E. B., Chen, H., Henneberger, P. K., Kamel, F., Sandler, D. P., et al. (2017) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwx098 · Cited by 16
“However, only a few previous studies have done so in a real-world setting (13, 46).”
Result
Longitudinal analysis of corporate real estate practice
Gibson, V. A., & Luck, R. (2006) · Facilities · doi:10.1108/02632770610649359 · Cited by 16
Effectiveness of a web-based intervention for injured claimants: a randomized controlled trial
Elbers, N. A., Akkermans, A. J., Cuijpers, P. J., & Bruinvels, D. J. (2013) · Trials · doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-227 · Cited by 15
Effects of physical function trajectories on later long‐term care utilization among the T aiwanese elderly
Hsu, H. (2012) · Geriatrics and gerontology international/Geriatrics & gerontology international · doi:10.1111/j.1447-0594.2012.00964.x · Cited by 15
Electrophysiological Subtypes and Prognostic Factors of Childhood Guillain Barre Syndrome
Konuşkan, B., Okuyaz, Ç., Taşdelen, B., Kurul, S. H., Anlar, B., & Turkish Childhood Guillan Barre Syndrome Study Group (2017) · Nöro Psikiyatri Arşivi · doi:10.5152/npa.2017.16996 · Cited by 15
“The subjects with incomplete data are not excluded from the analysis when using GEE method (10, 11).”
Method
Marital Status and Self-Rated Health in China: A Longitudinal Analysis
Hu, L.-C. (2020) · Population Research and Policy Review · doi:10.1007/s11113-020-09593-9 · Cited by 15
Clinical trials studying pharmacotherapy and psychological treatments alone and together
Haythornthwaite, J. A. (2005) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.65.12_suppl_4.s20 · Cited by 15
Using absolutist word frequency from online searches to measure population mental health dynamics
Adam‐Troian, J., Bonetto, É., & Arciszewski, T. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-06392-4 · Cited by 14
Gait Speed as a Predictor for Diabetes Incidence in People with or at Risk of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Longitudinal Analysis from the Osteoarthritis Initiative
Alenazi, A. M., Alqahtani, B. A., Vennu, V. S., Alshehri, M. M., Alanazi, A., Alrawaili, S. M., Khunti, K. K., Segal, N. A., & Bindawas, S. M. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18094414 · Cited by 14
“In addition, this analytical approach allows for including participants with missing data without excluding them from the model, allowing better estimation [40].”
Method
Changes in the Complexity of Limb Movements during the First Year of Life across Different Tasks
Laudańska, Z., Pérez, D. L., Radkowska, A., Babis, K., Malinowska‐Korczak, A., Wallot, S., & Tomalski, P. (2022) · Entropy · doi:10.3390/e24040552 · Cited by 14
Effectiveness of integrated care on delaying chronic kidney disease progression in rural communities of Thailand (ESCORT study): rationale and design of the study [NCT01978951]
Jiamjariyaporn, T., Ingsathit, A., Tungsanga, K., Banchuin, C., Vipattawat, K., Kanchanakorn, S., Leesmidt, V., Watcharasaksilp, W., Saetie, A., Pachotikarn, C., et al. (2014) · BMC Nephrology · doi:10.1186/1471-2369-15-99 · Cited by 14
“The comparison of the rate of eGFR decline will be analyzed using linear mixed models (Generalized Estimating Equation) [16].”
Method
Young men were at risk of becoming lost to follow-up in a cohort of head-injured adults.
Edwards, P., Fernandes, J., Roberts, I. W., & Kuppermann, N. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.06.021 · Cited by 14
An unsupervised neural network approach for imputation of missing values in univariate time series data
Savarimuthu, N., & Karesiddaiah, S. (2021) · Concurrency and Computation Practice and Experience · doi:10.1002/cpe.6156 · Cited by 15
“The function k(x) returns the k-nearest patterns (k-arg min) from a set C ⊂X that have the same complete features (¬mt → ¬mt) plus the jth feature available (M(t∗ ,j) = 0): k(xt, mt, j) = k − arg min xt′ ,∈L Δ(xt ⊖ ¬mt, xt′ ⊖ ¬mt) (13)”
Analysis of the Benefits of a Mediterranean Diet in the GISSI-Prevenzione Study: A Case Study in Imputation of Missing Values from Repeated Measurements
Barzi, F., Woodward, M., Marfisi, R. M., Tognoni, G., Marchioli, R., & on behalf of GISSI-Prevenzione Investigators (2006) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-005-5086-5 · Cited by 14
Mentally disordered offenders' daily occupations after one year of forensic care
Lindstedt, H., Grann, M., & Söderlund, A. (2010) · Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.3109/11038128.2010.525720 · Cited by 14
“Second, lost data from the OP and SP variables at T2 were replaced with available known data from the 38 dropouts at T1 (57,58).”
Method
Evaluating the Feasibility and Intercorrelation of Measurements on the Functioning of Residents Living in Scandinavian Nursing Homes
Bergland, A., Narum, I., Grönstedt, H. K., Hellström, K., Helbostad, J. L., Puggaard, L., Andresen, M., Granbo, R., & Frändin, K. (2010) · Physical & Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics · doi:10.3109/02703181.2010.490322 · Cited by 14
Erratum: The effects of parental control and warmth on problematic internet use in adolescents: A prospective cohort study
Lukavská, K., Vacek, J., & Gabrhelík, R. (2020) · Journal of Behavioral Addictions · doi:10.1556/2006.2020.10000 · Cited by 14
Results Differ by Applying Distinctive Multiple Imputation Approaches on the Longitudinal Cardiovascular Health Study Data
Ning, Y. M., McAvay, G., Chaudhry, S. I., Arnold, A. M., & Allore, H. G. (2013) · Experimental Aging Research · doi:10.1080/0361073x.2013.741968 · Cited by 13
Time-varying associations of parent–adolescent cultural conflict and youth adjustment among Chinese American families.
Juang, L. P., Hou, Y., Bayless, S. D., & Kim, S. Y. (2017) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/dev0000475 · Cited by 13
Methodological Issues in Analyzing Real-World Longitudinal Occupational Health Data: A Useful Guide to Approaching the Topic
Colin-Chevalier, R., Dutheil, F., Cambier, S., Dewavrin, S., Cornet, T., Baker, J. S., & Pereira, B. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19127023 · Cited by 13
“Attrition, or random drop-out [45], is a major and common problem in longitudinal studies, representing an important challenge when modeling [46] as it may produce estimates of the effects that are often underestimated [47].”
Background
Evaluation of a tablet-based instruction of breathing technique in patients with COPD
Chan, H., Dai, Y., & Hou, I. (2016) · International Journal of Medical Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2016.06.018 · Cited by 13
Vehicle child restraint usage for Pacific children aged 6 weeks to 4 years: findings from the Pacific Islands Families study.
Schluter, P., & Paterson, J. (2010) · Accident Analysis and Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2010.06.020 · Cited by 13
Convergence of random -nearest-neighbour imputation
Dahl, F. A. (2006) · Computational Statistics & Data Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.csda.2006.11.007 · Cited by 13
“However, there have been computer simulation studies, e.g. Twisk and de Vente (2002) or Hawthorne and Elliott (2005) showing that, under suitable conditions, inference from imputed data sets is robust.”
Background
Life values as predictors of pain, disability and sick leave among Swedish registered nurses: a longitudinal study
Nilsson, A. K., Denison, E., & Lindberg, P. (2011) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/1472-6955-10-17 · Cited by 13
“Missing values were substituted with means for the available data on life domains when the missing values were > 10% [29].”
Frailty Predicting Health-Related Quality of Life Trajectories in Individuals with Sarcopenia in Liver Cirrhosis: Finding from BCAAS Study
Nathiya, D., Raj, P., Singh, P., Bareth, H., Tejavath, A. S., Suman, S., Tomar, B. S., & Rai, R. R. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12165348 · Cited by 12
Failed reciprocity in social exchange and wellbeing: evidence from a longitudinal dyadic study in the disability setting
Siegrist, J., Tough, H., Brinkhof, M. W. G., Fekete, C., & SwiSCI study group (2019) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2019.1707826 · Cited by 12
The longitudinal association of venue stability with consistent condom use among female sex workers in two Mexico–USA border cities
Gaines, T. L., Rudolph, A. E., Brouwer, K. C., Strathdee, S. A., Lozada, R., Martinez, G., Goldenberg, S. M., & Rusch, M. (2013) · International Journal of STD & AIDS · doi:10.1177/0956462412473890 · Cited by 12
Independent and Interactive Effects of Neighborhood Disadvantage and Social Network Characteristics on Problem Drinking After Treatment
Mericle, A. A., Kaskutas, L. A., Polcin, D. L., & Karriker‐Jaffe, K. J. (2018) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.2018.37.1.1 · Cited by 15
Weighting of the data and analytical approaches may account for differences in overcoming the inadequate representativeness of the respondents to the third wave of a cohort study
Taylor, A. W., Grande, E. D., Grant, J. F., Appleton, S., Gill, T. K., Shi, Z., & Adams, R. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2012.06.021 · Cited by 11
Trends in geographic distribution of nursing staff in Japan from 2000 to 2010: a multilevel analysis.
Izutsu, M., Suzuki, E., Izutsu, Y., & Doi, H. (2014) · PubMed · doi:10.18926/amo/52406 · Cited by 11
The added value of frequent physical activity group sessions in a combined lifestyle intervention: A cluster randomised trial in primary care
Berendsen, B., Hendriks, M. R., Rutten, G. M., Kremers, S., Savelberg, H. H. C. M., & Schaper, N. C. (2020) · Preventive Medicine Reports · doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101204 · Cited by 11

Authors: Twisk, J., & de Vente, W.
Affiliations: Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
Corresponding author: Twisk, Jos
ORCID: Twisk, Jos
Venue: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2002-04
Volume: 55
Issue: 4
Pages: 329-337
ISSN: 0895-4356 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0895-4356(01)00476-0
OpenAlex: W2032594557
Cited by: 527
References: 18
Citations by year: 2026: 18 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 27
FWCI: 14.23
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Epidemiology
Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
Keywords: attrition, missing data, longitudinal study, imputation methods, multiple imputation, generalized estimating equations, listwise deletion, hot deck imputation, cross-sectional regression, standard errors
MeSH terms: Analysis of Variance, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Epidemiologic Methods, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Mathematical Computing, Research Design

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Attrition in longitudinal studies

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks