The DOI matches its Crossref record; 55 of the 57 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Competition for priority in processing increases prefrontal cortex's involvement in top-down control: An event-related fMRI study of the Stroop task
Abstract
Prior work indicates that various aspects of task-irrelevant information (e.g. its salience, task-relatedness, emotionality) can increase the involvement of prefrontal cortex (PFC) in top-down attentional control. In light of these findings, we hypothesize that PFC's involvement increases when task-irrelevant information competes for priority in processing. In an event-related fMRI study using an oddball variant of the Stroop task, we examine the generality of this hypothesis using three manipulations designed to increase the ability of task-irrelevant information to compete for priority in processing. First, we investigated how the frequency of occurrence of task-irrelevant information affects PFC activity. Second, we examined whether conflicting color information (i.e. incongruent trials) increases activity in regions of PFC that are similar to or distinct from those sensitive to infrequently occurring task-irrelevant information. Finally, we examined the impact of the number of levels at which conflict could occur (e.g. non-response only, non-response and response). Activity in posterior-dorsolateral and posterior-inferior PFC increased for infrequently occurring task-irrelevant information, being largest when the task-irrelevant information contained conflicting color-information. In contrast, increases in mid-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex's activity were only noted when conflicting color information was present, being largest when conflict occurred at multiple levels. The anterior cingulate was primarily sensitive to the occurrence of conflict at the response level with only a small sub-region exhibiting sensitivity to non-response conflict as well. From these findings we suggest that posterior DLPFC and PIPFC are involved in biasing processing in posterior processing systems, mid-DLPFC is involved in biasing the processing of the contents of working memory, and ACC is primarily involved in response-related processes.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“According to our Cascade-of-Control model (20), posterior regions of DLPFC implement a task set to exert top-down attentional control (24, 25).”
From Attentional Control Activation Relates to Working Memory in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (2010) · cites this paper as [25]
Citations
Cites
An Integrative Theory of Prefrontal Cortex Function
Miller, E. K., & Cohen, J. D. (2001) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.167 · Cited by 12,803
Neural Mechanisms of Selective Visual Attention
Desimone, R., & Duncan, J. (1995) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.ne.18.030195.001205 · Cited by 8,388
A global optimisation method for robust affine registration of brain images
Jenkinson, M., & Smith, S. M. (2001) · Medical Image Analysis · doi:10.1016/s1361-8415(01)00036-6 · Cited by 7,018
Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: An integrative review.
MacLeod, C. M. (1991) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.109.2.163 · Cited by 5,500
Talairach, J., Tournoux, P., & Rayport, M. (1988) · Thieme eBooks · Cited by 5,058
Berti, A. (1992) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/0028-3932(92)90076-x · Cited by 4,190
MacDonald, A. W., Cohen, J. D., Stenger, V. A., & Carter, C. S. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.288.5472.1835 · Cited by 3,666
Forman, S. D., Cohen, J. D., Fitzgerald, M., Eddy, W. F., Mintun, M. A., & Noll, D. C. (1995) · Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · doi:10.1002/mrm.1910330508 · Cited by 3,202
Cohen, J. D., Dunbar, K. N., & McClelland, J. L. (1990) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.97.3.332 · Cited by 2,192
Primate anterior cingulate cortex: Where motor control, drive and cognition interface
Paus, T. (2001) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/35077500 · Cited by 1,722
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- M. Posner, G. DiGirolamo, Executive attention: Conflict, target detection, and cognitive control, in: R. Parasuraman (Ed), The Attentive Brain, The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, xii, 1998, pp. 401–423.
- Botvinick, 1999, Conflict monitoring versus selection-for-action in anterior cingulated cortex, Re. Neurosci., 10, 49
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Conflict monitoring and anterior cingulate cortex: an update
Botvinick, M. M., Cohen, J. D., & Carter, C. S. (2004) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2004.10.003 · Cited by 3,623
The integration of negative affect, pain and cognitive control in the cingulate cortex
Shackman, A. J., Salomons, T. V., Slagter, H. A., Fox, A. S., Winter, J. J., & Davidson, R. J. (2011) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2994 · Cited by 2,082
Social cognition and the brain: A meta-analysis
Van Overwalle, F. (2009) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20547 · Cited by 1,792
Network Centrality in the Human Functional Connectome
Zuo, X., Ehmke, R. C., Mennes, M., Imperati, D., Castellanos, F. X., Sporns, O., & Milham, M. P. (2011) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhr269 · Cited by 1,190
Self-citationFunctional connectivity of human striatum: a resting state FMRI study
Di Martino, A., Scheres, A., Margulies, D. S., Kelly, A. M. C., Uddin, L. Q., Shehzad, Z., Biswal, B., Walters, J. R., Castellanos, F. X., & Milham, M. P. (2008) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn041 · Cited by 1,090
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Milham, M. P., Banich, M. T., & Barad, V.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- Corresponding author
- Milham, Michael P.
- Banich, Marie T.
- Venue
- Cognitive Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-07
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 212-222
- ISSN
- 0926-6410 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2043797652
- Cited by
- 299
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 6.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cognitive Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (F30MH012415, MH12415-01)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- top-down attentional control, prefrontal cortex, Stroop task, task-irrelevant information, response conflict, anterior cingulate cortex, working memory, oddball paradigm
- MeSH terms
- Attention, Brain Mapping, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Photic Stimulation, Psychomotor Performance, Linear Models, Prefrontal Cortex
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
