Reprogrammed genetic decoding in cellular gene expression
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Reprogrammed genetic decoding signals in mRNAs productively overwrite the normal decoding rules of translation. These "recoding" signals are associated with sites of programmed ribosomal frameshifting, hopping, termination codon suppression, and the incorporation of the unusual amino acids selenocysteine and pyrrolysine. This review summarizes current knowledge of the structure and function of recoding signals in cellular genes, the biological importance of recoding in gene regulation, and ways to identify new recoded genes.
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Such +1 frameshifting also occurs in eukaryotes, such as the mammalian AZ1 gene with a stop codon context UGAU, where the first U is often skipped when polyamine concentration is high, resulting in the ribosome reading GAU as the next codon.
“Such frameshifting also occurs in eukaryotes, such as the mammalian AZ1 gene with a stop codon context UGAU [85], where UGA is the stop codon followed by a U at the +4 site. The first U in the stop codon in translating AZ1 mRNA is often skipped when the concentration of polyamines is high, resulting in the ribosome reading GAU as the next codon [85].”
From Detailed Dissection and Critical Evaluation of the Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna mRNA Vaccines (2021) · cites this paper as [85]
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- Authors
- Namy, O., Rousset, J.-P., Napthine, S., & Brierley, I.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Université Paris-Sud (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Namy, Olivier
- Venue
- Molecular Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-01
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 157-168
- ISSN
- 1097-2765 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2091528429
- Cited by
- 251
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 2.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecular Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA modifications and cancer
- Keywords
- ribosomal frameshifting, selenocysteine incorporation, gene expression regulation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Base Sequence, Codon, Escherichia coli, Humans, Lysine, Molecular Sequence Data, RNA, Messenger, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Protein Biosynthesis, Gene Expression, Selenocysteine
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