Immunity to Candida albicans: Th1, Th2 cells and beyond
Abstract
Resistance to Candida albicans infection in mice results from the development of T helper (Th) type 1 cell responses. Cytokines produced by Th1 cells activate macrophages and neutrophils to a candidacidal state. The development of Th2 responses underlines susceptibility to infection, because cytokines produced by Th2 cells inhibit Th1 development and deactivate phagocytic effector cells. With the recognition of the reciprocal influences between innate and adaptive Th immunity, it appears that the coordinated action of these two lines of immune defense is required to efficiently oppose the infectivity of the fungus and to determine its lifelong commensalism at the mucosal level.
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Th1 cells protect the host against fungal pathogens, including C. albicans.
“Th1 cells protect the host against fungal pathogens, including C. albicans [18,19].”
From The Emerging Fungal Pathogen Candida auris Induces IFNγ to Colonize the Skin (2025) · cites this paper as [18]
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References 57 · Cited by 189
- Authors
- Romani, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Perugia (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Romani, Luigina
- ORCID
- Romani, Luigina
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Microbiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1999-08
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 363-367
- ISSN
- 1369-5274 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1499921224
- Cited by
- 189
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 1.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Fungal Infections and Studies
- Keywords
- Candida albicans, fungal infection resistance, Th1 cells, Th2 cells, cytokines, macrophages, neutrophils, innate immunity, adaptive immunity, Th1/Th2 balance
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Candida albicans, Candidiasis, Humans, Immunity, Cytokines, Th1 Cells, Th2 Cells
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