The DOI matches its Crossref record; 24 of the 25 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effects of pregnancy on mothers' sleep
Abstract
Objectives To survey the effects of pregnancy on mothers' sleep.Methods Mothers were interviewed during and after pregnancy with a series of five questionnaires to assess alterations in their sleep. The first questionnaire covered the 3 months before becoming pregnant, the next three the trimesters of pregnancy and the last the 3 months after delivery. The study was carried out in a central hospital and the maternity care units in the nearby rural community. Altogether, 325 pregnant women completed all five questionnaires.Results The total amounts of reported sleep and of nocturnal sleep increased significantly during the first trimester of pregnancy, began to decrease thereafter and were shortest during the 3 months after pregnancy. During late pregnancy expectant mothers over 30 years of age reported less sleep than those under 30. During the whole pregnancy, but increasingly toward the end of pregnancy, sleep became more restless and fragmentary and its subjective quality worsened, due at least partly to increased restless legs and nightly awakenings increasing with advancing pregnancy.Conclusions The subjective quality of sleep is disturbed as early as the first trimester of pregnancy, although total sleeping time increases. The amount of reported sleep begins to decrease in the second trimester. The frequency of reported sleep disturbances, such as restless legs syndrome and nocturnal awakenings, is maximum in the third trimester but is about normal within 3 months after delivery.
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“In our study population, 36.5% of participants reported either short or long sleep duration and over 70% of participants reported vital exhaustion, supporting the evidence that sleep deprivation and sleep disturbance during pregnancy is highly prevalent [7–10].”
From Sleep duration, vital exhaustion, and odds of spontaneous preterm birth: a case–control study (2014) · cites this paper as [9]
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Cites
Epidemiology of Restless Legs Symptoms in Adults
Phillips, B. A., Young, T. B., Finn, L. A., Asher, K., Hening, W. A., & Purvis, C. C. (2000) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.160.14.2137 · Cited by 769
Basic Nordic Sleep Questionnaire (BNSQ): a quantitated measure of subjective sleep complaints
Partinen, M., & Gíslason, Þ. (1995) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.1995.tb00205.x · Cited by 528
Iron and The Restless Legs Syndrome
Sun, E. R., Chen, C. A., Ho, G., Earley, C. J., & Allen, R. P. (1998) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/21.4.381 · Cited by 469
Parity and Sleep Patterns During and After Pregnancy
Lee, K., ZAFFKE, M. E., & MCENANY, G. (2000) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00486-x · Cited by 445
Snoring, Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension, and Growth Retardation of the Fetus
Franklin, K. A., Holmgren, P. Å., Jönsson, F., Poromaa, N., Stenlund, H. C., & Svanborg, E. (2000) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.117.1.137 · Cited by 439
Sleep in Normal Late Pregnancy
Hertz, G., Fast, A., Feinsilver, S. H., Albertario, C. L., Schulman, H., & Fein, A. M. (1992) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/15.3.246 · Cited by 240
Edwards, N., Blyton, D. M., Kirjavainen, T., Kesby, G., & Sullivan, C. E. (2000) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/ajrccm.162.1.9905006 · Cited by 224
Changes in Sleep and Sleep Electroencephalogram During Pregnancy
Brunner, D. P., Münch, M., Biedermann, K., Huch, R., Huch, A., & Borbély, A. A. (1994) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/17.7.576 · Cited by 185
Self-reported Snoring in Pregnancy
Loube, I. M. D., Poceta, J. S., Morales, M. C., Peacock, D. M. M., & Mitler, M. M. (1996) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.109.4.885 · Cited by 184
Longitudinal Changes in Fatigue and Energy During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period
Lee, K. A., & Zaffke, M. E. (1999) · Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1552-6909.1999.tb01983.x · Cited by 175
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Sleep quality during pregnancy: A meta-analysis
Sedov, I. D., Cameron, E. E., Madigan, S. L., & Tomfohr‐Madsen, L. M. (2017) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2017.06.005 · Cited by 569
Sleep Disturbances in Pregnancy
Facco, F. L., Kramer, J., Ho, K. H., Zee, P. C., & Grobman, W. A. (2010) · Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1097/aog.0b013e3181c4f8ec · Cited by 403
Sleep deprivation during pregnancy and maternal and fetal outcomes: is there a relationship?
Chang, J. J., Pien, G. W., Duntley, S. P., & Macones, G. A. (2010) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2009.05.001 · Cited by 339
Dennis, C., & Ross, L. E. (2005) · Birth · doi:10.1111/j.0730-7659.2005.00368.x · Cited by 327
Reutrakul, S., & Van Cauter, E. (2014) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.12355 · Cited by 321
Metadata
- Authors
- Hedman, C., Pohjasvaara, T., Tolonen, U., Suhonen-Malm, A. S., & Myllylä, V. V.
- Affiliations
- University of Oulu (FI)
- Helsinki University Hospital (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Hedman, C
- Venue
- Sleep Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-01
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 37-42
- ISSN
- 1389-9457 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2048118933
- Cited by
- 306
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 5.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Sleep Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy-related medical research
- Keywords
- pregnancy, maternal sleep, sleep quality, sleep duration, restless legs syndrome, nocturnal awakenings, sleep disorders, postpartum sleep, maternal age, pregnancy trimesters
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