The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
What does 95% COVID-19 vaccine efficacy really mean?
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The public is often encouraged to believe that a vaccine with reported 95% efficacy means that 95% of vaccinated people will be protected, and this is incorrect.
“Additionally, the public is often encouraged to believe that a vaccine with reported 95% efficacy means that 95% of vaccinated people will be protected. This is incorrect [17].”
From Relative risk reduction: Misinformative measure in clinical trials and COVID-19 vaccine efficacy (2022) · cites this paper as [17]
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Citations
Cites
Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine
Polack, F. P., Thomas, S. J., Kitchin, N., Absalon, J., Gurtman, A., Lockhart, S., Perez, J. L., Pérez Marc, G., Moreira, E. D., Zerbini, C., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2034577 · Cited by 14,592
An exceptional vaccination policy in exceptional circumstances
Diseases, T. L. I. (2021) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(21)00008-6 · Cited by 12
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COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and effectiveness—the elephant (not) in the room
Olliaro, P., Torreele, E., & Vaillant, M. (2021) · The Lancet Microbe · doi:10.1016/s2666-5247(21)00069-0 · Cited by 214
Self-citationRelative risk reduction: Misinformative measure in clinical trials and COVID-19 vaccine efficacy
Brown, R. B. (2022) · Dialogues in Health · doi:10.1016/j.dialog.2022.100074 · Cited by 11
“This is incorrect [17].”
Public Health Policy as Public Choice Failure
Manta, I. D., Robertson, C. B., & Robinson, Z. (2024) · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4850221 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Olliaro, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Olliaro, Piero
- ORCID
- Olliaro, Piero
- Venue
- The Lancet Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-06
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 769
- ISSN
- 1473-3099 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7906690
- OpenAlex
- W3133268569
- Cited by
- 49
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Lancet Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Modeling and Simulation › COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Social Sciences › Health › Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Keywords
- COVID-19 vaccine efficacy, mRNA vaccines, attack rate, civil protection, SARS-CoV-2
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Vaccines, Humans, Vaccination, Policy
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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