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Cited by 880Multiple Sclerosis Research StudiesClinical Reasoning and Diagnostic SkillsPolyomavirus and related diseases

MRI criteria for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: MAGNIMS consensus guidelines

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Filippi, Massimo, Rocca, Maria A, Ciccarelli, Olga, De Stefano, Nicola, Evangelou, Nikos, Kappos, Ludwig, Rovira, Alex, Sastre-Garriga, Jaume +8 more·2016·The Lancet Neurology
DOI 10.1016/s1474-4422(15)00393-2PMC PMC4760851
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Abstract

In patients presenting with a clinically isolated syndrome, MRI can support and substitute clinical information in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis by showing disease dissemination in space and time and by helping to exclude disorders that can mimic multiple sclerosis. MRI criteria were first included in the diagnostic work-up for multiple sclerosis in 2001, and since then several modifications to the criteria have been proposed in an attempt to simplify lesion-count models for showing disease dissemination in space, change the timing of MRI scanning to show dissemination in time, and increase the value of spinal cord imaging. Since the last update of these criteria, new data on the use of MRI to establish dissemination in space and time have become available, and MRI technology has improved. State-of-the-art MRI findings in these patients were discussed in a MAGNIMS workshop, the goal of which was to provide an evidence-based and expert-opinion consensus on proposed modifications to MRI criteria for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.

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  • Routine imaging of the whole spinal cord in all patients with suspected MS has recently been proposed.

    “Therefore routine imaging of the whole spinal cord in all patients with suspected MS has recently been proposed.68”

    From Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: progress and challenges (2017) · cites this paper as [68]

    The Methods section (‘Spinal cord imaging’; page unavailable) recommends imaging the entire cord when spinal cord MRI is used to assess dissemination in space. It recommends spinal cord imaging at symptom onset for specified patient groups, however, not routinely for all patients with suspected MS. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Despite the current usefulness of the McDonald criteria, the MAGNIMS network have recently proposed a number of modifications, such as inclusion of optic nerve, cortical and symptomatic lesions in dissemination in space and standardisation of dissemination in space criteria for RRMS, PPMS and RIS.

    “Despite the current usefulness of the McDonald criteria, the MAGNIMS network have recently proposed a number of modifications, such as inclusion of optic nerve, cortical and symptomatic lesions in dissemination in space and standardisation of dissemination in space criteria for RRMS, PPMS and RIS.68”

    From Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: progress and challenges (2017) · cites this paper as [68]

  • Cortical grey matter lesions may be helpful in making a diagnosis of MS.

    “Cortical grey matter lesions may be helpful in making a diagnosis of MS 68,73”

    From Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: progress and challenges (2017) · cites this paper as [68]

  • Cortical grey matter is frequently involved in MS pathologically.

    “Cortical grey matter is frequently involved in MS pathologically”

    From Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: progress and challenges (2017) · cites this paper as [68]

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Cited by

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Authors
Filippi, M., Rocca, M. A., Ciccarelli, O., De Stefano, N., Evangelou, N., Kappos, L., Rovira, A., Sastre-Garriga, J., Tintorè, M., Frederiksen, J. L., Gasperini, C., Palace, J., Reich, D. S., Banwell, B., Montalban, X., & Barkhof, F.
Affiliations
  • Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (IT)
  • National Institute for Health and Care Research (GB)
  • University of Nottingham (GB)
  • University of Basel (CH)
  • University of Copenhagen (DK)
  • Azienda Ospedaliera San Camillo-Forlanini (IT)
  • University of Oxford (GB)
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
  • Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (US)
  • Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
Corresponding author
Filippi, Massimo
ORCID
Venue
The Lancet Neurology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2016-03
Volume
15
Issue
3
Pages
292-303
ISSN
1474-4422 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s1474-4422(15)00393-2
PMC
PMC4760851
OpenAlex
W2280334572
Cited by
880
References
3
Citations by year
2026: 60 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 65 · 2023: 80 · 2022: 66 · 2021: 96 · 2020: 82 · 2019: 103 · 2018: 127 · 2017: 98 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 1 · 2012: 1
FWCI
19.16
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • The Lancet Neurology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion)
  • Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
  • Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele (submittedVersion)
  • Use Siena air (University of Siena) (submittedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Eli Lilly and Company
  • Pfizer
  • Sanofi
  • Biogen
  • Teva Pharmaceutical Industries
  • CSL Behring
  • McGill University
  • European Commission
  • Bayer HealthCare
  • National Research Foundation
  • Siemens
  • National Institutes of Health (Z99 NS999999)
  • Chugai Pharmaceutical
  • Medical Research Council (MC_PC_12019)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (ZIANS003119)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Family Practice › Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Polyomavirus and related diseases
Keywords
multiple sclerosis, MRI diagnostic criteria, clinically isolated syndrome, dissemination in space, dissemination in time, lesion counting, spinal cord imaging, differential diagnosis
MeSH terms
Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Multiple Sclerosis, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Consensus

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